Malays Orthop J:胫骨前钢板治疗胫骨远端骨折的效果研究

2024-10-01 医路坦克 MedSci原创 发表于陕西省

胫骨远端骨折的治疗具有挑战性,并发症发生率高。本研究评估胫骨前钢板在胫骨远端腓骨骨折治疗中的有效性。

下肢胫骨骨折包括胫骨远端骨折和平台骨折。胫骨远端骨折是指距离胫骨关节面4 - 10cm的关节外骨折,而平台骨折是指涉及胫骨远端关节承重面的损伤,将胫骨远端关节面等同于踝关节的上限。胫骨远端骨折和皮隆骨折通常(75 - 90%)与腓骨骨折有关。这是因为复杂的相关解剖结构和沿骨间膜向腓骨的力传递导致胫骨和腓骨骨折。腓骨相关骨折增加了胫骨骨折的粉碎性和严重程度,从而影响其治疗。

这些胫骨远端骨折累及或不累及关节的治疗一直是一个挑战,治疗方法包括保守石膏、切开复位内固定、外固定(或不限制内固定)、髓内钉和微创钢板内固定。尽管最近外科手术取得了进展,但据报道,这些骨折相关的并发症发生率为20%至56% 。造成这种高比例并发症的原因是多方面的。首先,胫骨远端为皮下,该部位软组织覆盖不足,血供相对薄弱,愈合潜力较差。其次,这些骨折通常是高能量创伤的结果,导致严重的周围软组织损伤,严重的关节嵌塞,相关的多处损伤,这可能需要重症监护,并使骨折模式为多碎片性。因此,由于踝关节周围复杂的胫骨-腓骨解剖结构、较差的软组织覆盖、高能创伤、复杂的骨折几何形状、严重的粉碎和关节受损伤、血流受损、缺乏理想的植入物、用于固定植入物的骨库小以及手术切口/入路的机会有限,这些骨折的处理与伤口裂开、感染、不愈合等并发症的高发相关。愈合不良、创伤后关节炎等。

预防这些并发症的关键因素是尽量减少对软组织包膜的干扰,避免广泛的骨膜剥离,并维持软组织套的血管性,为愈合所需的肌皮组织和底层骨骼提供灌注。腓骨前胫骨钢板是一种通过将螺钉从腓骨钢板穿过胫腓骨间隙延伸至胫骨的构造。因此,前腓骨螺钉不会接触或干扰胫骨内侧软组织包膜,并保持骨膜套和血管的完整性。在这项初步研究中,我们评估了这种胫骨前钢板技术在胫骨远端和pilon骨折治疗中的效果。

材料与方法:对30例胫骨远端骨折,骨折线距胫骨平台5cm以内的患者行胫骨前钢板治疗,有或没有最小的关节固定。结果通过愈合、愈合时间、对齐和功能结局(AOFAS评分)进行评估。

结果对30例胫骨远端骨折患者行胫骨前钢板治疗

(a、b、c)术中腓骨前钢板的照片和透视图显示腓骨暴露、复位和用K线临时固定,(d、e)用腓骨前螺钉钢板固定。

30岁胫骨远端骨折患者的x线片(a, b)术前,(c, d)术后,(e, f)术后一年。

(a, b)术前AP和侧位片,(c, d)即刻和(e, f)六个月随访x线片。(g, h, i) 26岁男性右侧胫骨远端骨折行腓骨前钢板治疗的临床图片,显示出良好的功能、对齐和愈合

结果:患者平均年龄39.4岁,男女比例为3:2。平均手术时间、出血量和C臂暴露分别为79分钟(52 ~ 98min)、80毫升(62 ~ 102ml)和48针(36 ~ 81针)。所有骨折平均愈合时间为10.2周(范围9至14周),除1例患者外,其余患者均可接受。平均AOFAS评分为86.3(范围70 - 93),29例患者预后良好至优异。1例有内翻畸形愈合,1例有感染。

结论:胫骨前钢板可以成功治疗复杂的胫骨远端骨折,不影响软组织和骨膜套,避免了创伤相关问题,实现了早期愈合。

原始出处:

S, Jain;  H, Khare;  K, Verma;How Effective is Fibula Pro Tibia Plating in Treatment of Distal Tibial Fractures: A Pilot Study.Malays Orthop J 2024 Jul;18(2):27-33

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[AttachmentFileName(sort=100, fileName=Malays Orthop J:胫骨前钢板治疗胫骨远端骨折的效果研究)] GetArticleByIdResponse(id=ed1f845080ba, projectId=1, sourceId=null, title=Malays Orthop J:胫骨前钢板治疗胫骨远端骨折的效果研究, articleFrom=MedSci原创, journalId=22113, copyright=原创, creationTypeList=[1], summary=胫骨远端骨折的治疗具有挑战性,并发症发生率高。本研究评估胫骨前钢板在胫骨远端腓骨骨折治疗中的有效性。, cover=https://img.medsci.cn/Random/medical-team-performing-operation-in-a-operating-XY4WCFK.jpg, authorId=0, author=医路坦克, originalUrl=, linkOutUrl=, content=<p><span style="color: #000000;">下肢胫骨骨折包括胫骨远端骨折和平台骨折。胫骨远端骨折是指距离胫骨关节面4 - 10cm的关节外骨折,而平台骨折是指涉及胫骨远端关节承重面的损伤,将胫骨远端关节面等同于踝关节的上限。胫骨远端骨折和皮隆骨折通常(75 - 90%)与腓骨骨折有关。这是因为复杂的相关解剖结构和沿骨间膜向腓骨的力传递导致胫骨和腓骨骨折。腓骨相关骨折增加了胫骨骨折的粉碎性和严重程度,从而影响其治疗。</span></p> <p><span style="color: #000000;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="https://img.medsci.cn/20240928/1727492711176_2269929.png" /></span></p> <p><span style="color: #000000;">这些胫骨远端骨折累及或不累及关节的治疗一直是一个挑战,治疗方法包括保守石膏、切开复位内固定、外固定(或不限制内固定)、髓内钉和<a href="https://www.medsci.cn/topic/show?id=df8950505a2">微创</a>钢板内固定。尽管最近外科手术取得了进展,但据报道,这些骨折相关的并发症发生率为20%至56% 。</span><span style="color: #000000;">造成这种高比例并发症的原因是多方面的。首先,胫骨远端为皮下,该部位软组织覆盖不足,血供相对薄弱,愈合潜力较差。其次,这些骨折通常是高能量<a href="https://www.medsci.cn/topic/show?id=e7cc32022c7">创伤</a>的结果,导致严重的周围软组织损伤,严重的关节嵌塞,相关的多处损伤,这可能需要重症监护,并使骨折模式为多碎片性。因此,由于踝关节周围复杂的胫骨-腓骨解剖结构、较差的软组织覆盖、高能创伤、复杂的骨折几何形状、严重的粉碎和关节受损伤、血流受损、缺乏理想的植入物、用于固定植入物的骨库小以及手术切口/入路的机会有限,这些骨折的处理与伤口裂开、感染、不愈合等并发症的高发相关。愈合不良、创伤后<a href="https://www.medsci.cn/topic/show?id=57a53011364">关节炎</a>等。</span></p> <p><span style="color: #000000;">预防这些并发症的关键因素是尽量减少对软组织包膜的干扰,避免广泛的骨膜剥离,并维持软组织套的<a href="https://www.medsci.cn/guideline/list.do?q=%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1">血管</a>性,为愈合所需的肌皮组织和底层骨骼提供灌注。腓骨前胫骨钢板是一种通过将螺钉从腓骨钢板穿过胫腓骨间隙延伸至胫骨的构造。因此,前腓骨螺钉不会接触或干扰胫骨内侧软组织包膜,并保持骨膜套和血管的完整性。在这项初步研究中,我们评估了这种胫骨前钢板技术在胫骨远端和pilon骨折治疗中的效果。</span></p> <p><span style="color: #000000;">材料与方法:对30例胫骨远端骨折,骨折线距胫骨平台5cm以内的患者行胫骨前钢板治疗,有或没有最小的关节固定。结果通过愈合、愈合时间、对齐和功能结局(AOFAS评分)进行评估。</span></p> <p><span style="color: #000000;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="https://img.medsci.cn/20240928/1727492711184_2269929.png" /></span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000;">结果对30例胫骨远端骨折患者行胫骨前钢板治疗</span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000;"><img src="https://img.medsci.cn/20240928/1727492711191_2269929.png" /></span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000;">(a、b、c)术中腓骨前钢板的照片和透视图显示腓骨暴露、复位和用K线临时固定,(d、e)用腓骨前螺钉钢板固定。</span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000;"><img src="https://img.medsci.cn/20240928/1727492711200_2269929.png" /></span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000;">30岁胫骨远端骨折患者的x线片(a, b)术前,(c, d)术后,(e, f)术后一年。</span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000;"><img src="https://img.medsci.cn/20240928/1727492711212_2269929.png" /></span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000;">(a, b)术前AP和侧位片,(c, d)即刻和(e, f)六个月随访x线片。(g, h, i) 26岁男性右侧胫骨远端骨折行腓骨前钢板治疗的临床图片,显示出良好的功能、对齐和愈合</span></p> <p><span style="color: #000000;">结果:患者平均年龄39.4岁,男女比例为3:2。平均手术时间、出血量和C臂暴露分别为79分钟(52 ~ 98min)、80毫升(62 ~ 102ml)和48针(36 ~ 81针)。所有骨折平均愈合时间为10.2周(范围9至14周),除1例患者外,其余患者均可接受。平均AOFAS评分为86.3(范围70 - 93),29例患者预后良好至优异。1例有内翻<a href="https://www.medsci.cn/topic/show?id=9857e03444b">畸形</a>愈合,1例有感染。</span></p> <p><span style="color: #000000;">结论:胫骨前钢板可以成功治疗复杂的胫骨远端骨折,不影响软组织和骨膜套,避免了创伤相关问题,实现了早期愈合。</span></p> <p><span style="color: #808080; font-size: 12px;"><a style="color: #808080;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11315955/pdf/moj-18-027.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">原始出处:</a></span></p> <p><span style="color: #808080; font-size: 12px;"><a style="color: #808080;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11315955/pdf/moj-18-027.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">S, Jain;&nbsp;&nbsp;H, Khare;&nbsp;&nbsp;K, Verma;How Effective is Fibula Pro Tibia Plating in Treatment of Distal Tibial Fractures: A Pilot Study.Malays Orthop J&nbsp;2024 Jul;18(2):27-33</a></span></p>, belongTo=, tagList=[TagDto(tagId=5926, tagName=胫骨远端骨折), TagDto(tagId=496321, tagName=胫骨前钢板)], categoryList=[CategoryDto(categoryId=10, categoryName=骨科, tenant=100), CategoryDto(categoryId=84, categoryName=研究进展, tenant=100), CategoryDto(categoryId=20656, categoryName=梅斯医学, tenant=100)], articleKeywordId=0, articleKeyword=, articleKeywordNum=6, guiderKeywordId=0, guiderKeyword=, guiderKeywordNum=6, opened=1, paymentType=1, paymentAmount=0, recommend=0, recommendEndTime=null, sticky=0, stickyEndTime=null, allHits=660, appHits=12, showAppHits=0, pcHits=57, showPcHits=648, likes=0, shares=4, comments=4, approvalStatus=1, publishedTime=Tue Oct 01 19:42:00 CST 2024, publishedTimeString=2024-10-01, pcVisible=1, appVisible=1, editorId=6556091, editor=骨科新前沿, waterMark=0, formatted=0, deleted=0, version=7, createdBy=893e2269929, createdName=医路坦克, createdTime=Sat Sep 28 10:59:56 CST 2024, updatedBy=2570354, updatedName=王佳佳BOM, updatedTime=Tue Oct 01 10:43:11 CST 2024, ipAttribution=陕西省, attachmentFileNameList=[AttachmentFileName(sort=100, fileName=Malays Orthop J:胫骨前钢板治疗胫骨远端骨折的效果研究)], guideDownload=1, surveyId=null, surveyIdStr=null, surveyName=null)
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    学习了,谢谢分享

    0

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    2024-10-01 医鸣惊人 来自山西省

    认真学习了

    0

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    2024-10-01 13013f32m56暂无昵称 来自河北省

    学习知识提升能力学习学习

    0

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    2024-10-01 刘桂林 来自辽宁省

    该不该取钢板也是个问题啊!

    0

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