Oncologist:卡培他滨+舒尼替尼治疗对乳腺癌患者脑转移无益

2014-11-10 MedSci译 MedSci原创

研究背景:脑转移是乳腺癌患者健康和生活质量的一个重大威胁。乳腺癌是仅次于肺癌且易发生脑转移的恶性肿瘤,临床资料显示15%~25%的脑转移瘤来源于乳腺。近年来,随着乳腺癌诊疗水平的进步,乳腺癌患者的生存期明显延长,出现乳腺癌脑转移的概率也在增加。乳腺癌脑转移的发生率为10%~16%。乳腺癌患者出现脑转移多提示预后不良,但是脑转移患者的死因不仅由于神经系统症状导致,还包括了全身疾病的进展,所以局部治疗

研究背景:

脑转移是乳腺癌患者健康和生活质量的一个重大威胁。乳腺癌是仅次于肺癌且易发生脑转移的恶性肿瘤,临床资料显示15%~25%的脑转移瘤来源于乳腺。近年来,随着乳腺癌诊疗水平的进步,乳腺癌患者的生存期明显延长,出现乳腺癌脑转移的概率也在增加。乳腺癌脑转移的发生率为10%~16%。乳腺癌患者出现脑转移多提示预后不良,但是脑转移患者的死因不仅由于神经系统症状导致,还包括了全身疾病的进展,所以局部治疗联合全身治疗既可提高颅内肿瘤的控制率还能改善全身症状。目前手术、立体定向放射外科学(stereotactic radiosurgergy,SRS)、全脑放射治疗(whole-brain radiotherapy,WBRT)为脑转移的一线治疗方法,但随着综合治疗的发展,化疗、内分泌治疗也取得了一些进展。卡培他滨和舒尼替尼对该类型患者的治疗表现出一定的效果。

单组临床试验(single-arm clinical trial)目标值法系指在事先指定某种结局指标临床目标值的前提下,通过无同期对照的单组临床试验考察相应指标结果是否在指定的目标值范围内,以此来推断某产品的性能、疗效或安全性的一类方法。本研究通过此方法对卡培他滨和舒尼替尼进行II期临床试验。

研究方法:

入组对象为乳腺癌伴随中枢神经系统(CNS)转移的患者。受试者在接受全脑放疗的同时,接受卡培他滨,1000毫克/平方米/天,连续14天的治疗。其后,卡培他滨(每天2000毫克/平方米持续2周,休息1周)联合舒尼替尼(持续每天37.5毫克)。主要终点是无进展生存期(PFS)。

研究结果:

在试验计划中,需要检测25例患者4个月(从5到9个月)的改善治疗中的具有80%的检验功效的中位无进展生存期,最后有12名患者入组,但本试验因治疗疗效提高缓慢而停止。研究结果显示中位无进展生存期为4.7个月,中位总生存期为10个月。在中枢神经系统中,有25%的受试者发生疾病进展,83%发生中枢神经系统外的疾病进展。最常见的副作用是乏力和恶心。

研究结论:

在入组的可监测的12名患者中,同步卡培他滨化疗及全脑放疗后联合卡培他滨与舒尼替尼治疗并不能较之前的治疗方式延长患者的无进展生存期,而且该治疗方法同时有明显的副作用。本研究规模较小,现由于无明显疗效提高而终止试验。

原始出处:


Niravath P, Tham YL, Wang T, Rodriguez A, Foreman C, Hilsenbeck SG, Elledge R, Rimawi M: A Phase II Trial of Capecitabine Concomitantly With Whole-Brain Radiotherapy Followed by Capecitabine and Sunitinib for Brain Metastases From Breast Cancer. Oncologist 2014.

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    2015-07-04 minlingfeng
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    2014-11-12 july_977
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