PNAS :重磅!抗间皮素的免疫毒素可治疗肝纤维化

2021-07-13 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

与未经治疗的小鼠相比,60% 到 100% 的产生人类间皮素的细胞被免疫毒素杀死,从而减少了胶原蛋白沉积。

非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD,俗称脂肪肝)是最常见的慢性肝脏疾病,约有25%的成年人深受影响。NAFLD包括非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFL),以及由其演变的非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、脂肪性肝纤维化、肝硬化等。长期酗酒和肝炎会伤害肝脏并导致纤维化、胶原蛋白和疤痕组织的积聚。

目前肝纤维化的治疗非常有限。根据美国国立卫生研究院的说法,减肥是目前唯一已知的减少与非酒精性脂肪肝相关的肝纤维化的方法。酒精性肝病最常使用皮质类固醇治疗,但效果并不好。早期肝移植是唯一经过验证的治愈方法,但仅在特定医疗中心为有限数量的患者提供。所以现在迫切需要一种新的方法来治疗肝纤维化

 2021 年 7 月 12 日发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》的一项研究发现肝纤维化可能可以用旨在结合间皮素的蛋白质的免疫毒素来治疗。研究表明间皮素Msln 免疫毒素杀死表达 Msln 的成纤维细胞并减少纤维化肝脏中 I 型胶原蛋白的沉积,表明特异性杀死表达 Msln 的细胞的试剂应该是治疗胆汁淤积性纤维化的有效方法。通过抗 Msln 免疫偶联物靶向 Msln +成纤维细胞可能成为治疗实质器官纤维化的策略。

间皮素是什么间皮素很少在健康人体内发现。只有癌细胞和产生胶原蛋白的肝细胞即门静脉成纤维细胞才能制造这种蛋白质。

 正常肝组织(左)不产生间皮素,而原发性硬化性胆管炎患者的肝组织会产生(右,染色较深)。间皮素是肝纤维化的标志物,也是肝病潜在新疗法的目标。图片来源:加州大学圣地亚哥分校健康科学

在该研究中为了在肝纤维化的背景下测试 Pastan 的免疫毒素,研究员首先需要一个动物模型。由于免疫毒素特异性识别人类间皮素,因此传统的肝纤维化小鼠模型将不起作用。因此,他们将从患者身上分离出来的人肝细胞移植到小鼠体内,并用抗间皮素免疫毒素治疗它们。

研究结果发现,与未经治疗的小鼠相比,60% 到 100% 的产生人类间皮素的细胞被免疫毒素杀死,从而减少了胶原蛋白沉积。

此外抗间皮素免疫毒素对人体是安全的,可能会加速它们在临床上的应用

 参考文献 Takahiro Nishio el al., "Immunotherapy-based targeting of MSLN+ activated portal fibroblasts is a strategy for treatment of cholestatic liver fibrosis," PNAS (2021). www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.2101270118

 

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    2022-03-25 drwjr
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    2021-07-21 天婧

    学习了

    0

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    2021-07-15 xxxx1054
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    2021-07-14 Avigo

    学习学习

    0

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2023 NICE 医疗技术创新简报:用于评估和监测肝纤维化、活性和脂肪变性的 LIVERFASt [MIB317]

英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所(NICE,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) · 2023-02-21