ASH 2014:夜间血压——预测患者的临床预后指标

2014-05-21 CMT心血管 晴天编译 中国医学论坛报CMT心血管微信

"尽管24小时动态血压监测(ABPM)测量日间和夜间血压已开展多年,但目前仍不清楚哪些指标能预测患者的临床预后。"——George Roush博士美国时间5月16日至20日,第29界美国高血压学会(ASH)科学年会于纽约市举行。会议期间公布的一项大型荟萃分析显示,诊室血压与心血管疾病预后(包括卒中)之间无相关性,相反,夜间血压与不良临床预后风险相关,夜间收缩压每升高10 mmHg,心血管不良预后风

"尽管24小时动态血压监测(ABPM)测量日间和夜间血压已开展多年,但目前仍不清楚哪些指标能预测患者的临床预后。"

——George Roush博士

美国时间5月16日至20日,第29界美国高血压学会(ASH)科学年会于纽约市举行。会议期间公布的一项大型荟萃分析显示,诊室血压与心血管疾病预后(包括卒中)之间无相关性,相反,夜间血压与不良临床预后风险相关,夜间收缩压每升高10 mmHg,心血管不良预后风险增加25%。

该项荟萃分析纳入来自欧洲、巴西、日本等地区的9个不同人群,共13843例受试者,至少随访1年。研究显示,夜间血压、日间血压、诊室血压每升高10 mmHg与心肌梗死及卒中的风险分别增加25%、20%和11%相关,但校正多种混杂因素后(包括年龄、性别、糖尿病、吸烟、药物治疗等),仅夜间血压能预测心梗和卒中风险。研究领导者George Roush博士指出,我们所做的临床决策均基于诊室血压,但在这三个指标中,诊室血压对预后的预测价值最弱。

既往观察日间血压、夜间血压、诊室血压对临床预后影响的研究多受限于较小的患者数量。

本项研究其实是探讨接受动态血压监测患者心血管预后的规模最大的研究之一,”Roush医生称,“因此我们有底气强调样本量。”他还提到,与针对日间血压或诊室血压进行治疗相比,针对夜间血压进行治疗能否减少心血管事件,一些相关的临床研究正在进行中,但目前尚无答案。

芬兰国家健康福利研究院的Pauli Niiranen医生展示了464名受试者的数据。这些患者在1992-1996年间接受了ABPM,研究随访期超过16年。分析主要终点为一组心血管事件,包括心血管死亡、非致死性MI、非致死性卒中、因心衰住院及冠脉血运重建。

与Roush及其同事所开展的研究结果类似,芬兰研究者报告称,门诊、家中或ABPM测定的收缩压每1mmHg的升高均与心血管事件风险的显著升高相关。然而,当研究者将三种测量手段同时放入模型中时,只有ABPM得到的血压尚可预测临床事件:收缩压每1mmHg的升高与心血管事件风险3.3%的升高相关。

为什么夜间血压的预测价值更好,这一点也尚不明确。可能的原因之一是夜间血压是一个标志,例如,通常血压下降因为夜间交感神经张力下降,而交感神经张力升高增加卒中和心脏病的风险,所以,夜间血压升高可能仅是交感神经张力升高的一个标志?另一种可能性是,当夜间血管舒张但仍保持高血压状态时,患者的脑和心脏可能暴露于血压负荷增加的状态。

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    2014-07-13 qingfengqishi5

    为研究提供新的关注点!

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    2014-05-23 kksonne
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既往研究显示,血压访视间变异性(VVV)增大会增加特定人群卒中、冠心病(CHD)及全因死亡风险,但其对一般人群上述结局及心力衰竭的影响则尚不确定。 研究者美国阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校的Paul Muntner等人对降压和降脂治疗预防心脏病发作试验(ALLHAT)的24 004例受试者进行中位4.9年的随访,以评估收缩压及舒张压VVV与致死性CHD、非致死性心肌梗死、全因死亡率、卒中及心力衰竭的相关

ASH 2014:探寻高血压患者中脉搏波速度与HDL-C的相关性

既往研究表明,脉搏波速度(PWV)所测得的动脉僵硬度增加是心血管疾病的独立预测因素,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平降低可增加冠状动脉疾病发生风险。中国一项研究旨在探讨高血压患者中PWV与HDL-C的相关性。 研究者Hongyu Wang等人共计入选542例受试者(男/女:336/206,平均年龄为50.17±12.32岁),将其分为对照组(n=402,男/女:234/168,平均年龄为48

ASH 2014:动态血压的心血管风险预测价值优于诊室/家庭血压

一项最新研究旨在比较诊室血压、家庭血压及动态血压对心血管风险的预测价值。 研究者芬兰国家卫生与福利研究所的Teemu Niiranen等入选464例受试者,测量其诊室血压、家庭血压、24小时动态血压及其他心血管危险因素。研究主要终点是心血管死亡、非致死性心肌梗死、非致死性卒中、因心力衰竭住院、行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗或冠状动脉旁路移植术等心血管事件的复合终点。采用Cox比例风险模型

ASH 2014:年轻2型糖尿病患者常出现迷走神经活性降低

美国高血压学会年会(ASH 2014)公布的一项研究表明,2型糖尿病青年患者较常表现出与血糖控制不佳相关的迷走神经活性降低。此项研究共纳入86例2型糖尿病患者(平均年龄17.2+3.3岁)和196例对照者(一半的受试者肥胖,平均BMI为30.7 kg/m2),并在基线和4.8年后测定血压、空腹血糖和体力活动等指标。利用SphygmoCor装置测定时域(RMSSD)和频域(LF/HF)心率变异性(H