Cancer Discovery:研究人员确定靶点“PPT1”,为癌症患者带来了希望

2017-09-21 佚名 medicalxpress

宾夕法尼亚大学(UniversityofPennsylvania)的研究人员开辟了一条与癌症抗争的新途径,他们找到了一种方法来锁定一种对肿瘤生长至关重要的酶,同时也阻断了过去试图将这种酶用于治疗的机制。研究人员能够利用这一发现开发出一种药物,成功地抑制了黑色素瘤的生长,以及在小鼠体内的胰腺和结直肠癌。《癌症研究》杂志本月在网上公布了这一发现。



宾夕法尼亚大学(UniversityofPennsylvania)的研究人员开辟了一条与癌症抗争的新途径,他们找到了一种方法来锁定一种对肿瘤生长至关重要的酶,同时也阻断了过去试图将这种酶用于治疗的机制。研究人员能够利用这一发现开发出一种药物,成功地抑制了黑色素瘤的生长,以及在小鼠体内的胰腺和结直肠癌。《癌症研究》杂志本月在网上公布了这一发现。

目标酶被称为PPT1,控制机械的雷帕霉素(mTOR)的目标,癌细胞增长的主要监管机构,以及一个称为自噬的过程,一个内置的抗性机制,其允许细胞通过分解不需要的部件并回收它们以保持活力而进行攻击。美国食品和药物管理局(U.S.FoodandDrugAdministration)批准,许多针对mTOR的药物,但针对mTOR的目标是这些目前可用的抑制剂可以转化为自噬,从而使肿瘤具有耐药性。

“我们在这项研究中所了解到的是,mTOR和自噬并不像之前认为的那样相互对立。实际上它们是互补的,因为自噬允许mTOR直接生长提供营养,同时mTOR关闭了自噬时不需要的营养,”文章的第二作者拉维k.Amaravadi说,医学博士,副教授血液学肿瘤在佩雷尔曼医学院的宾夕法尼亚大学和宾州艾布拉姆森癌症中心的一员。

阴阳的关系发生在细胞的一部分,叫做溶酶体。之前,它已经服用了两种药物来阻止这两种过程,但通过专注于药物在溶酶体上更有效地发挥作用,研究人员发现了一种可以同时阻断这两种药物的药物。“我们知道自噬是癌症抵抗的重要机制,但有很多种方法可以阻止它。”这是第一个抑制溶酶体,以阻断自噬的方法,”阿玛拉瓦迪说。

使其工作的药物叫做DQ661,它专门针对控制mTOR和自噬的PPT1酶。这项研究表明,以这种方式治疗PPT1的药物有一天可以改善癌症患者的结果。DQ661是抗疟药醌类药物的二聚体,这意味着它有两分子的奎宁和一个特殊的连接器。

梅里姆姆教授(Jeffreyd.Winkler)说:“事实证明,两者之间的联系以及它们之间的联系方式对于这种工作的意义至关重要。”“在这项研究中,我们能够调整化学物质,使药物在溶酶体中特异性靶向PPT1。”

“As(Amaravadi)和他的团队试图解决自噬问题,他们来到我们这里寻求帮助,开发出一种更好的奎纳克胺,这是我们在DQ661中所拥有的,”Winkler说。

虽然这种方法有明确的临床疗效,但研究人员仍然需要将这些化合物开发成适合人类的药物,这将是他们努力向前发展的重点。

原始出处:

Vito W. Rebecca, Michael C. Nicastri, Noel McLaughlin, et.al. A unified approach to targeting the lysosome's degradative and growth signaling roles. Cancer Discovery

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    2017-11-16 yahu
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    2017-09-24 luominglian113

    学习了.谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-09-23 仁者大医

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