IET Nanobiotechnology covers all aspects of research and emerging technologies including, but not limited to: Fundamental theories and concepts applied to biomedical-related devices and methods at the micro- and nano-scale (including methods that employ electrokinetic, electrohydrodynamic, and optical trapping techniques); Micromachining and Microfabrication tools and techniques applied to the top-down approach to Nanobiotechnology; Nanomachining and Nanofabrication tools and techniques directed towards biomedical and biotechnological applications (e.g. applications of Atomic Force Microscopy, Scanning Probe Microscopy and related tools); Colloid chemistry applied to Nanobiotechnology (e.g. cosmetics, suntan lotions, bio-active nanoparticles); Microtechnologies such as Lab-on-Chip applied to pharmaceutical, biomedical and biotechnological applications; Techniques for probing cell physiology, cell adhesion sites and cell-cell communication; Molecular self-assembly, including concepts of supramolecular chemistry, molecular recognition, and DNA Nanotechnology; Societal issues such as health and the environment.