Now in its eleventh year, IJNS is a bimonthly journal covering information processing in natural and artificial neural systems. The journal presents a fresh, nondogmatic approach to this multidisciplinary field, aiming to be a forum for novel ideas and improved understanding of collective and cooperative phenomena in systems with computational capabilities. It publishes original contributions on all aspects of this broad subject involving Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Knowledge Discovery, Information Systems, Probabilistic Modeling, Cognitive Science, Physics and Engineering.