Journal of the European Mathematical Society (JEMS) is the official journal of the EMS. The Society founded in 1990 works at promoting joint scientific efforts between the many different structures that characterise European mathematics. JEMS will publish research articles in all active areas of pure and applied mathematics: these will be selected by a distinguished international board of editors and associate editors for their outstanding quality and interest according to the highest international standards. Occasionally substantial survey papers on topics of exceptional interest will also be published.