The official journal of the International Neuromodulation Society. Neuromodulation disseminates scientific and clinical information relevant to the field of neuromodulation. The journal's sole purpose is to advance the basic and clinical science of the field of neuromodulation.Neuromodulation publishes original, scientific works, scientific reviews, abstracts of papers accepted for review at national and international congresses, and past and future news of events and activities of the society and its membership. Because the science of neuromodulation transcends many disciplines such as anesthesiology, angiology, cardiology, neurology, neuroscience, rehabilitation medicine, and vascular surgery, the information presented varies widely.