JNNP:脑淀粉样血管病小脑萎缩及其对步态的影响

2022-06-21 网络 网络

脑淀粉样血管病(CAA)是老年人第二常见的散发性小血管疾病,在病理学上与β-淀粉样蛋白沉积在中小型皮质和软脑膜血管内有关。 CAA通常与位于幕上叶或皮质区域的出血性神经影像学标记物相关,包括

脑淀粉样血管病(CAA)是老年人第二常见的散发性小血管疾病,在病理学上与β-淀粉样蛋白沉积在中小型皮质和软脑膜血管内有关。 CAA通常与位于幕上叶或皮质区域的出血性神经影像学标记物相关,包括叶脑内出血(ICH)、叶脑微出血(CMBs)和皮质表面铁质沉着(cSS)。 多项最新研究表明,小脑浅表微出血与CAA相关。 因此,这些研究表明,大脑CAA的经典病理生理学延伸至小脑。CAA与非出血性脑损伤有关,如缺血改变、微结构网络改变和脑萎缩。最近的两项研究发现,与健康对照组(HCs)和阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者相比,CAA患者的脑白质和基底节体积显著降低。在另一项研究中,与HCs相比,CAA患者的皮质变薄明显更多,但与CAA相比,AD患者的皮质萎缩更为突出。尽管这些研究支持大脑皮质下萎缩对CAA更具特异性的观点,但尚未研究CAA对小脑皮质和皮质下组织的潜在影响。

在这项目前的工作中,旨在研究CAA患者的小脑皮质下和皮质体积,并与年龄匹配的HCs和AD患者进行比较。本研究的假设是,与年龄匹配的HCs和AD患者相比,CAA患者的小脑皮质下体积会减少。因为小脑参与维持平衡,姿势和协调性是自愿性运动,它对步态有着重要的作用。1 以前的研究报告了小脑脚白质完整性与步态和活动度评分的关系,表明小脑白质可能对步态功能至关重要。本文假设CAA患者小脑皮质下体积的减少与步态速度受损相关。本文发表在《神经病学,神经外科学和精神病学杂志》上().

研究包括70名可能患有CAA的非痴呆患者、70名年龄匹配的健康对照者(HCs)和70名年龄匹配的阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者。小脑被分割为小脑皮质下体积的百分比(pCbll ScV),小脑皮质体积的百分比(pCbll CV)表示为估计总颅内体积的百分比(p)。 比较了CAA、HCs和AD患者的pCbll ScV和pCbll CV。步态速度(米/秒)用于研究CAA患者的步态功能。CAA患者使用西门子Avanto 1.5T扫描仪(带12通道头部线圈)进行结构性MRI检查。使用FreeSurfer软件进行三维皮质和皮质下重建。

FreeSurfer图谱的概率小脑标记方案

与HC(1.49±0.1 vs 1.73±0.2,p<0.001)和AD(1.49±0.1 vs 1.66±0.24,p<0.001)相比,CAA患者的pCbll ScV显著降低,pCbll CV较HCs患者低(6.03±0.5 vs 6.23±0.6,p=0.028)。与HCs(p<0.001)和AD患者(p<0.001)相比,CAA的诊断与较低的pCbll ScV(p<0.001)独立相关,在单独的线性回归模型中,校正了年龄、性别和高血压的存在。较低的pCbll ScV与较差的步态速度独立相关(β=0.736,95% 包括pCbll CV和其他相关变量的逐步线性回归分析中的CI 0.28至1.19,p=0.002)。

pCbll ScV和pCbll CV与步态速度的相关性

本研究的主要发现是,与HCs和AD患者相比,CAA患者的pCbll ScV较低,并且这种体积损失与CAA患者的步态速度较低独立相关。CAA患者的小脑微出血通常位于小脑浅表区域。研究支持CAA的皮层下组织丢失比AD更明显,甚至在小脑。CAA萎缩性改变的病理生理机制尚不明确,但可能有许多因素可导致CAA组织丢失,包括血管淀粉样蛋白沉积、血管功能障碍、全脑缺血或CAA相关脑损伤的直接影响。对CAA发病机制的经典理解是血管淀粉样蛋白在幕上脑内积聚;然而,AD患者的神经病理学研究报告,淀粉样蛋白也沉积在小脑内。

与HCs相比,CAA患者表现出明显的皮质下小脑萎缩,而与HCs相比,AD患者和皮质小脑萎缩。这些变化似乎不受幕上结构损伤的影响,如ICH、cSS或WMH。pCbll ScV在预测步态速度方面优于pCbll CV以及其他相关变量,本研究支持皮层下小脑组织对CAA步态有影响的观点。

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    2022-11-13 xxxx1061
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    2023-05-04 chendoc252
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    2022-06-22 xulv123

    认真学习~~

    0

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