Front Surg:跟骨牵引与石膏固定在Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折患者术前治疗中的应用

2024-10-21 医路坦克 MedSci原创 发表于上海

踝关节骨折需要在手术前临时固定以使肿胀消退;这通常通过跟骨牵引或石膏固定来实现。我们比较了这些方法治疗Danis-Weber型C型踝关节骨折的结果。

踝关节骨折是一种常见的骨折类型,约占所有骨折的10%。踝关节周围的软组织表现出固有的脆弱性,使其容易肿胀、张力水泡、皮肤坏死和骨折端挤压。因此,手术干预经常被推迟,以使踝关节肿胀消退,减少手术并发症的风险。通常,在手术干预之前,需要损伤后7至10天的时间来消除软组织肿胀。在此期间,需要有效的临时外固定来稳定患肢,减轻患者不适,促进软组织肿胀的消退。目前,稳定踝关节的主要方法包括用石膏固定、跟骨牵引或外固定架。然而,由于其昂贵的费用,外固定架在临床实践中较少使用。此外,手动复位踝关节后进行石膏固定可以暂时缓解关节疼痛和固定,踝关节水肿通常在骨折后3至5天达到高峰,此时石膏的松紧可能会损害远端血液循环,促进张力性水疱的发展。此外,有效监测骨折部位皮肤状况的能力也受到限制。与石膏固定相比,跟骨牵引能更好地辅助消肿。然而,固定装置笨重,会引起不适、神经血管损伤和心理问题。很少有研究比较这两种固定方法治疗踝关节骨折。因此,本研究回顾性比较和分析了跟骨牵引和石膏固定在Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折患者中的临床效果,旨在为踝关节骨折患者围手术期临时固定方法的选择提供临床数据。

方法:回顾性分析86例Danis - Weber型踝关节骨折患者的资料,其中40例采用跟骨牵引,46例采用石膏固定。比较两组患者术前消肿时间、每日肿胀值、皮肤状况、疼痛、SF-36健康调查(SF-36)评分和踝关节评分等临床指标。

两组基线数据比较

两组每日肿胀值(cm)比较

两组患者静息VAS评分比较

结果:两组间基线特征无显著差异。与石膏固定相比,跟骨牵张可缩短术前消肿时间(6.22±0.64天vs 8.94±0.82天),降低每日肿胀值,从而降低皮肤坏死率。术后各时间点跟骨牵张组静息疼痛评分明显低于固定模组(P < 0.05)。术后12个月,跟骨牵张组踝关节功能评分高于石膏固定组(P < 0.05),提示预后改善。另外,跟骨牵引组的SF-36生活质量评分明显优于固定组。

讨论:在Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折患者中,跟骨牵引在减轻软组织肿胀、减轻疼痛和促进踝关节功能恢复方面优于石膏固定。建议在入院时尽早进行跟骨牵引以优化手术效果

原始出处: 

Bing, Song;  Jisheng, Shi;  Xiaohui, Xu;Calcaneal distraction vs. cast immobilization for the preoperative treatment of patients with Danis-Weber type C ankle fractures: a case-control study.Front Surg 2024;11(0):1404746

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[AttachmentFileName(sort=1, fileName=fsurg-11-1404746.pdf)] GetArticleByIdResponse(id=d8a184e8323e, projectId=1, sourceId=null, title=Front Surg:跟骨牵引与石膏固定在Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折患者术前治疗中的应用, articleFrom=MedSci原创, journalId=16545, copyright=原创, creationTypeList=[1], summary=踝关节骨折需要在手术前临时固定以使肿胀消退;这通常通过跟骨牵引或石膏固定来实现。我们比较了这些方法治疗Danis-Weber型C型踝关节骨折的结果。, cover=https://img.medsci.cn/20240618/1718675831725_92910.jpg, authorId=0, author=医路坦克, originalUrl=, linkOutUrl=, content=<p><span style="color: #000000;">踝关节骨折是一种常见的骨折类型,约占所有骨折的10%。踝关节周围的软组织表现出固有的脆弱性,使其容易肿胀、<a href="https://www.medsci.cn/search?q=张力">张力</a>水泡、皮肤<a href="https://www.medsci.cn/topic/show?id=b723414321c">坏死</a>和骨折端挤压。因此,手术干预经常被推迟,以使踝关节肿胀消退,减少手术并发症的风险。通常,在手术干预之前,需要损伤后7至10天的时间来消除软组织肿胀。在此期间,需要有效的临时外固定来稳定患肢,减轻患者不适,促进软组织肿胀的消退。</span><span style="color: #000000;">目前,稳定踝关节的主要方法包括用石膏固定、跟骨牵引或外固定架。然而,由于其昂贵的费用,外固定架在临床实践中较少使用。此外,手动复位踝关节后进行石膏固定可以暂时缓解关节疼痛和固定,踝关节水肿通常在骨折后3至5天达到高峰,此时石膏的松紧可能会损害远端血液循环,促进张力性水疱的发展。此外,有效监测骨折部位皮肤状况的能力也受到限制。</span><span style="color: #000000;">与石膏固定相比,跟骨牵引能更好地辅助消肿。然而,固定装置笨重,会引起不适、神经<a href="https://www.medsci.cn/guideline/list.do?q=%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1">血管</a>损伤和心理问题。很少有研究比较这两种固定方法治疗踝关节骨折。因此,本研究回顾性比较和分析了跟骨牵引和石膏固定在Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折患者中的临床效果,旨在为踝关节骨折患者围手术期临时固定方法的选择提供临床数据。</span></p> <p><span style="color: #000000;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="https://img.medsci.cn/202401020/1729434526850_2269929.png" /></span></p> <p><span style="color: #000000;">方法:回顾性分析86例Danis - Weber型踝关节骨折患者的资料,其中40例采用跟骨牵引,46例采用石膏固定。比较两组患者术前消肿时间、每日肿胀值、皮肤状况、疼痛、<a href="https://m.medsci.cn/scale/show.do?id=4c862426ef">SF-36</a>健康调查(SF-36)评分和踝关节评分等临床指标。</span></p> <p><span style="color: #000000;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="https://img.medsci.cn/202401020/1729434526858_2269929.png" /></span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000;">两组基线数据比较</span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000;"><img src="https://img.medsci.cn/202401020/1729434526863_2269929.png" /></span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000;">两组每日肿胀值(cm)比较</span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000;"><img src="https://img.medsci.cn/202401020/1729434526867_2269929.png" /></span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000;">两组患者静息VAS评分比较</span></p> <p><span style="color: #000000;">结果:两组间基线特征无显著差异。与石膏固定相比,跟骨牵张可缩短术前消肿时间(6.22&plusmn;0.64天vs 8.94&plusmn;0.82天),降低每日肿胀值,从而降低皮肤坏死率。术后各时间点跟骨牵张组静息疼痛评分明显低于固定模组(P &lt; 0.05)。术后12个月,跟骨牵张组踝关节功能评分高于石膏固定组(P &lt; 0.05),提示预后改善。另外,跟骨牵引组的SF-36<a href="https://m.medsci.cn/scale/show.do?id=4c862426ef">生活质量</a>评分明显优于固定组。</span></p> <p><span style="color: #000000;">讨论:在Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折患者中,跟骨牵引在减轻软组织肿胀、减轻疼痛和促进踝关节功能恢复方面优于石膏固定。建议在入院时尽早进行跟骨牵引以优化手术效果</span><span style="color: #000000;">。</span></p> <p><span style="color: #808080; font-size: 12px;"><a style="color: #808080;" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11288820/pdf/fsurg-11-1404746.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">原始出处:&nbsp;</a></span></p> <p><span style="color: #808080; font-size: 12px;"><a style="color: #808080;" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11288820/pdf/fsurg-11-1404746.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bing, Song;&nbsp;&nbsp;Jisheng, Shi;&nbsp;&nbsp;Xiaohui, Xu;Calcaneal distraction vs. cast immobilization for the preoperative treatment of patients with Danis-Weber type C ankle fractures: a case-control study.Front Surg&nbsp;2024;11(0):1404746</a></span></p>, belongTo=, tagList=[TagDto(tagId=113506, tagName=石膏固定), TagDto(tagId=485983, tagName=跟骨牵引), TagDto(tagId=497241, tagName=Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折)], categoryList=[CategoryDto(categoryId=10, categoryName=骨科, tenant=100), CategoryDto(categoryId=84, categoryName=研究进展, tenant=100), CategoryDto(categoryId=20656, categoryName=梅斯医学, tenant=100)], articleKeywordId=0, articleKeyword=, articleKeywordNum=6, guiderKeywordId=0, guiderKeyword=, guiderKeywordNum=6, opened=1, paymentType=1, paymentAmount=0, recommend=0, recommendEndTime=null, sticky=0, stickyEndTime=null, allHits=508, appHits=5, showAppHits=0, pcHits=34, showPcHits=503, likes=0, shares=1, comments=4, approvalStatus=1, publishedTime=Mon Oct 21 10:53:00 CST 2024, publishedTimeString=2024-10-21, pcVisible=1, appVisible=1, editorId=6556091, editor=骨科新前沿, waterMark=0, formatted=0, deleted=0, version=3, createdBy=893e2269929, createdName=医路坦克, createdTime=Sun Oct 20 22:28:57 CST 2024, updatedBy=92910, updatedName=rayms, updatedTime=Mon Oct 21 10:54:16 CST 2024, ipAttribution=上海, attachmentFileNameList=[AttachmentFileName(sort=1, fileName=fsurg-11-1404746.pdf)], guideDownload=1, surveyId=null, surveyIdStr=null, surveyName=null)
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    2024-10-21 ms5000000707039972 来自山东省

    跟骨牵引和石膏固定在Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折患者中的临床效果,旨在为踝关节骨折患者围手术期临时固定方法的选择提供临床数据。

    0

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    2024-10-21 ms5000000707039972 来自山东省

    稳定踝关节的主要方法包括用石膏固定、跟骨牵引或外固定架。

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232112, encodeId=60452232112c2, content=跟骨牵引和石膏固定在Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折患者中的临床效果,旨在为踝关节骨折患者围手术期临时固定方法的选择提供临床数据。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=12, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=db489112955, createdName=ms5000000707039972, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 13:16:26 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232111, encodeId=844d2232111fc, content=稳定踝关节的主要方法包括用石膏固定、跟骨牵引或外固定架。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=17, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=db489112955, createdName=ms5000000707039972, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 13:15:54 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232110, encodeId=fe2b223211050, content=踝关节骨折是一种常见的骨折类型,约占所有骨折的10%。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=db489112955, createdName=ms5000000707039972, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 13:15:34 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232088, encodeId=7238223208860, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 11:19:28 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=浙江省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232080, encodeId=5604223208036, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dabf120384ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#石膏固定#</a> <a href='/topic/show?id=71c8110236e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#跟骨牵引#</a> <a href='/topic/show?id=7a8f12038518' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=120385, encryptionId=7a8f12038518, topicName=Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折), TopicDto(id=120384, encryptionId=dabf120384ed, topicName=石膏固定), TopicDto(id=110236, encryptionId=71c8110236e4, topicName=跟骨牵引)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cade5395722, createdName=梅斯管理员, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 10:54:16 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=上海)]
    2024-10-21 ms5000000707039972 来自山东省

    踝关节骨折是一种常见的骨折类型,约占所有骨折的10%。

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232112, encodeId=60452232112c2, content=跟骨牵引和石膏固定在Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折患者中的临床效果,旨在为踝关节骨折患者围手术期临时固定方法的选择提供临床数据。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=12, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=db489112955, createdName=ms5000000707039972, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 13:16:26 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232111, encodeId=844d2232111fc, content=稳定踝关节的主要方法包括用石膏固定、跟骨牵引或外固定架。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=17, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=db489112955, createdName=ms5000000707039972, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 13:15:54 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232110, encodeId=fe2b223211050, content=踝关节骨折是一种常见的骨折类型,约占所有骨折的10%。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=db489112955, createdName=ms5000000707039972, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 13:15:34 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232088, encodeId=7238223208860, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 11:19:28 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=浙江省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232080, encodeId=5604223208036, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dabf120384ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#石膏固定#</a> <a href='/topic/show?id=71c8110236e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#跟骨牵引#</a> <a href='/topic/show?id=7a8f12038518' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=120385, encryptionId=7a8f12038518, topicName=Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折), TopicDto(id=120384, encryptionId=dabf120384ed, topicName=石膏固定), TopicDto(id=110236, encryptionId=71c8110236e4, topicName=跟骨牵引)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cade5395722, createdName=梅斯管理员, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 10:54:16 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=上海)]
    2024-10-21 yangchou 来自浙江省

    好文章,谢谢分享。

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232112, encodeId=60452232112c2, content=跟骨牵引和石膏固定在Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折患者中的临床效果,旨在为踝关节骨折患者围手术期临时固定方法的选择提供临床数据。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=12, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=db489112955, createdName=ms5000000707039972, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 13:16:26 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232111, encodeId=844d2232111fc, content=稳定踝关节的主要方法包括用石膏固定、跟骨牵引或外固定架。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=17, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=db489112955, createdName=ms5000000707039972, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 13:15:54 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232110, encodeId=fe2b223211050, content=踝关节骨折是一种常见的骨折类型,约占所有骨折的10%。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=db489112955, createdName=ms5000000707039972, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 13:15:34 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232088, encodeId=7238223208860, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 11:19:28 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=浙江省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2232080, encodeId=5604223208036, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dabf120384ed' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#石膏固定#</a> <a href='/topic/show?id=71c8110236e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#跟骨牵引#</a> <a href='/topic/show?id=7a8f12038518' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=120385, encryptionId=7a8f12038518, topicName=Danis-Weber C型踝关节骨折), TopicDto(id=120384, encryptionId=dabf120384ed, topicName=石膏固定), TopicDto(id=110236, encryptionId=71c8110236e4, topicName=跟骨牵引)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cade5395722, createdName=梅斯管理员, createdTime=Mon Oct 21 10:54:16 CST 2024, time=2024-10-21, status=1, ipAttribution=上海)]

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