Lancet:利妥昔单抗可抑制难治性肾病综合征复发

2014-07-07 佚名 不详

日本一个研究团队在新一期《柳叶刀》杂志网络版上发表成果说,他们实施的临床试验显示,通常用作抗癌药的“利妥昔单抗”可有效抑制难治性肾病综合征复发。 肾脏承担着过滤血液、形成尿液的任务,而难治性肾病综合征患者由于肾功能障碍导致蛋白尿,会出现脸部和手脚浮肿。该病最终可能发展为慢性肾衰竭,甚至威胁生命。 目前常用的类固醇疗法虽能有效缓解蛋白尿,但一旦停药或减少药量,半数患者会复发。而且对于小儿患者来说

日本一个研究团队在新一期《柳叶刀》杂志网络版上发表成果说,他们实施的临床试验显示,通常用作抗癌药的“利妥昔单抗”可有效抑制难治性肾病综合征复发。

目前常用的类固醇疗法虽能有效缓解蛋白尿,但一旦停药或减少药量,半数患者会复发。而且对于小儿患者来说,长期使用类固醇还可能带来个子矮等不良后果。

日本神户大学等机构的研究人员于2008年开始在其医学系附属医院、兵库县立儿童医院等9家医疗机构进行“利妥昔单抗”临床试验。研究人员先对24名难治 性肾病综合征患者进行类固醇治疗,在停药后再给他们注射“利妥昔单抗”。与没有接受“利妥昔单抗”注射的对照组患者相比,“注射组”患者的复发率显著下 降。即使复发,其从治疗到复发的时间也延长到对照组患者的两倍以上。

这项是一项多中心双盲,随机,安慰剂对照研究,研究在日本发起。选择儿 童期始发,而且经常复发型(frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome ,FRNS) 或激素依赖型的肾病综合征(SDNS)的2岁以上的儿童患者(1-18岁),这是临床上很难以治疗的两类肾病综合征人群。研究采用1:1随机,治疗组采用rituximab (375 mg/m2), 对照组采用安慰剂对照,共治疗4周,随机时考虑患者的年龄,不同研究单位,以及患者治疗史作为调节变量。患者,医生,监护人,以及疗效评价均采用盲法。所 有患者在随机化后169天内停止使用免疫抑制剂,可以接受标准的激素治疗,以防止复发。患者随访1年,主要终点为未复发时间。

结果发现:共有52名患者接受随机,最终48名患者接受干预(24例为rituximab 药物组,24例为安慰剂组),rituximab组患者中位无复发时间为267天(95% CI 223-374),远远较安慰剂组长,安慰剂组为101天(95%CI: 70-155),二者相比,HR=0.27 (95%CI:0.14-0.53),p<0.0001。两组严重不良事件发生状况,至少出现一次严重不良事件在rituximab组为10例(42%),在安慰剂组为6例(25%),p=0.36,无显著性差异。

上述结果显示,利妥昔单抗对儿童难治性肾病综合征的复发,具有良好的疗效与安全性。

原始出处:

Iijima K, Sako M, Nozu K, Mori R, Tuchida N, Kamei K, Miura K, Aya K, Nakanishi K, Ohtomo Y, Takahashi S, Tanaka R, Kaito H, Nakamura H, Ishikura K, Ito S, Ohashi Y; on behalf of the Rituximab for Childhood-onset Refractory Nephrotic Syndrome (RCRNS) Study Group.Rituximab for childhood-onset, complicated, frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.Lancet. 2014 Jun 20. pii: S0140-6736(14)60541-9.

Hodson EM, Craig JC.Rituximab for childhood-onset nephrotic syndrome. Lancet. 2014 Jun 20. pii: S0140-6736(14)60654-1.

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    2015-08-04 sundong

    希望能治疗疾病

    0

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    2014-11-16 howi
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    2014-07-09 freve