Immunity:Card14基因突变促进皮肤角质细胞对IL-17A的应答诱导银屑病发生的分子机制

2018-07-09 佚名 清华免疫

文章报道了Card14E138A/+自发性银屑病小鼠的组织病理学表型和炎症反应类型,并阐明了Card14基因的缺失或突变影响角质细胞中IL-17A信号激活的分子机制,以及角质细胞在银屑病起始过程中的重要作用。

2018年7月3日,清华大学林欣实验室在细胞杂志子刊《Immunity》上在线发表了题为“Gainof function mutation of Card14 leadsto spontaneous psoriasis-like skin inflammation through enhanced keratinocyteresponse to interleukin-17A” 的文章。文章报道了Card14E138A/+自发性银屑病小鼠的组织病理学表型和炎症反应类型,并阐明了Card14基因的缺失或突变影响角质细胞中IL-17A信号激活的分子机制,以及角质细胞在银屑病起始过程中的重要作用。

银屑病俗称牛皮癣,是一种常见易复发的免疫相关慢性炎症紊乱皮肤病。患病部位主要表现为边界清晰的丘疹,并伴有发红、瘙痒,以及银色鳞屑,这严重影响了患者的生活质量。目前,银屑病在世界范围内的发病率是2%-3%,全球至少有1.25亿人患有不同程度的银屑病。其中,汉人中同样存在很多银屑病患者,在最近一次银屑病患者的发病率调查中显示,汉人的银屑病发病率在0.47%左右,即在中国目前大约有600万银屑病患者。因此,对于银屑病的机制研究和治疗方法的探究十分重要。

目前,对于银屑病的起因尚不清楚。近期的GWAS研究发现,银屑病患者中尚存在多种NF-κB信号相关基因突变,如皮肤中高表达的CARD14基因等。这一发现表明CARD14基因可能在诱发银屑病的过程中起到重要作用。CARD14基因编码细胞内一个信号转导相关的蛋白CARMA2,林欣实验室多年来研究CARD家族编码蛋白在免疫与炎症反应中的功能,因此在这项研究中通过构建Card14突变小鼠模型来探讨CARMA2的激活能否诱发银屑病,以及如何诱发银屑病的发生。

在本论文中,林欣实验室利用CRISPR/Cas9技术成功构建了Card14基因突变敲入和基因敲除(Card14-/-)小鼠模型。结果发现,Card14E138A/+小鼠可自发引起银屑病,而在Card14-/-小鼠中,咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病表型明显减弱。之后的机制研究发现,CARMA2-E138A蛋白突变体则可自发形成寡聚体,显着增强NF-κB信号的激活,上调Ccl20等基因表达,进而促进αβ T细胞的浸润和激活以及IL-17A的分泌,导致角质细胞中CARMA2-ACT1-TRAF6复合物介导的IL-17A信号激活更强,因此形成炎症环路,诱发银屑病的发生。而CARMA2缺失阻止IL-17A信号的传导,影响了NF-κB信号的激活,阻碍炎症环路的形成,最终,减弱了咪喹莫特诱导的银屑病表型。

综上所述,这项研究发现CARMA2是角质细胞中IL-17A信号通路的重要调控蛋白,其在角质细胞中的持续激活,即可诱导银屑病的发生。这为银屑病的治疗提供新的方向。更重要的是,Card14E138A/+小鼠可作为银屑病研究,特别是起始阶段机制研究的恰当模型,以及治疗药物筛选和验证的模型。

清华大学林欣教授和赵学强老师是本文的通讯作者,清华大学博士研究生王明超和张珊珊为本文的第一作者。本研究由国家自然科学基金委项目以及清华大学-北京大学联合生命科学中心启动基金提供支持。



图示:Card14E138A/+小鼠和Card14△Q136/+小鼠中CARMA2-E138A和CARMA2-△Q136突变蛋白引发皮肤角质细胞中NF-κB信号的激活,促进Ccl20等分子的表达,引起αβ T细胞等的浸润和激活,促进细胞因子IL-17A的分泌,进而刺激CARMA2(E138A/△Q136)-ACT1-TRAF6复合物介导的角质细胞更加剧烈的激活,上调Ccl20等的表达。形成炎症循环引发银屑病的产生(left)。在咪喹莫特模型中,咪喹莫特刺激树突状细胞产生IL-23,引起浸润到皮肤中的γδ T细胞的激活,促进细胞因子IL-17A的分泌,在Card14-/-小鼠中,由于CARMA2的缺失,IL-17A信号在角质细胞中被阻断,导致Ccl20等分子表达降低,进而阻止炎症环路的形成,最终,导致银屑病表型减弱(right)。

原始出处:Mingchao Wang4, Shanshan Zhang4, Guoxing Zheng, et al. Gain-of-Function Mutation of Card14 Leads to Spontaneous Psoriasis-like Skin Inflammation through Enhanced Keratinocyte Response to IL-17A. Immunity. 3 July 2018

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    2018-07-11 fzwish20000
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    2018-07-11 jjjiang0202

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