Science:重磅!开发出延缓癌细胞生长的新方法

2017-05-29 生物谷 生物谷

癌症是一种非常复杂的疾病,但是它的定义是相当简单的:细胞发生异常和不受控制地生长。如今,在一项新的研究中,来自美国罗彻斯特大学的研究人员鉴定出一种新的方法来潜在地延缓快速生长的细胞(fast-growing cell)的方法。快速生长的细胞是所有癌症的典型特征。这一发现是在实验室中针对肾癌细胞和宫颈癌细胞取得的,离在人体中的应用还有较长的路要走



癌症是一种非常复杂的疾病,但是它的定义是相当简单的:细胞发生异常和不受控制地生长。如今,在一项新的研究中,来自美国罗彻斯特大学的研究人员鉴定出一种新的方法来潜在地延缓快速生长的细胞(fast-growing cell)的方法。快速生长的细胞是所有癌症的典型特征。这一发现是在实验室中针对肾癌细胞和宫颈癌细胞取得的,离在人体中的应用还有较长的路要走。但是它可能在未来成为治疗方案开发的基础。相关研究结果发表在2017年5月26日的Science期刊上,论文标题为“Tudor-SN–mediated endonucleolytic decay of human cell microRNAs promotes G1/S phase transition”。论文通信作者为罗彻斯特大学医学与牙医学院RNA生物学中心主任Lynne E. Maquat博士。

癌症:细胞周期发生差错

所有细胞都经历“细胞周期”,即发生的一连串事件导致细胞有序生长和分裂。在癌症中,细胞周期发生紊乱:细胞不停止地分裂,侵入周围的组织。

这些研究人员鉴定出一种被称作Tudor-SN的蛋白在细胞周期的准备阶段(即细胞为发生分裂作出准备所花费的时间)中发挥着重要的作用。当他们利用基因编辑技术CRISPR-Cas9剔除细胞中的这种蛋白时,细胞花费更长的时间为分裂做好准备。Tudor-SN丢失延缓细胞周期。

论文共同第一作者、罗彻斯特大学医学与牙医学院生物化学与生物物理学系、RNA生物学中心助理教授Reyad A. Elbarbary博士(在Maquat实验室开展研究)说,“我们知道相比于健康的细胞,Tudor-SN在癌细胞中更加丰富,而且我们的研究提示着靶向这种蛋白可能抑制快速生长的癌细胞。”

Elbarbary补充道,现存的阻断Tudor-SN的化合物可能是开发一种疗法的良好候选物。

给细胞生长踩刹车

Maquat团队发现Tudor-SN通过控制微小核糖核酸(microRNA, 也译作微RNA, miRNA)来影响细胞周期。miRNA能够微调上千种人基因的表达。

当将Tudor-SN从人细胞中剔除时,几十种miRNA的水平上升了。提高这些miRNA的水平抑制促进细胞生长的基因的表达。通过让这些基因处于“开关”状态,细胞更加缓慢地从这种准备阶段进入到细胞分裂阶段。

Maquat注意到,“鉴于癌细胞具有缺陷的细胞周期,寻找参与细胞周期的因子是开发癌症治疗的一种有前景的方法。”

Maquat为靶向Tudor-SN来治疗和阻止癌症的方法申请了专利。下一步的研究包括理解Tudor-SN如何与其他的分子和蛋白协同发挥作用,这样科学家们能够鉴定出靶向它的最为合适的药物。

原始出处:

Reyad A. Elbarbary, Keita Miyoshi, Jason R. Myers et al. Tudor-SN–mediated endonucleolytic decay of human cell microRNAs promotes G1/S phase transition. Science, 26 May 2017, 356(6340):859-862, doi:10.1126/science.aai9372

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903223, encodeId=b27c1903223e7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1b0583884b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58388, encryptionId=e1b0583884b, topicName=新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c22f171, createdName=kord1982, createdTime=Fri Dec 29 23:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1252259, encodeId=a80112522595f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3efee1519b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71519, encryptionId=3efee1519b2, topicName=癌细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4cea26, createdName=yxch36, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375594, encodeId=0f0b13e5594f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549126, encodeId=c115154912652, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569002, encodeId=eb90156900269, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5b9ee7968f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#细胞生长#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=77968, encryptionId=5b9ee7968f5, topicName=细胞生长)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=75d615484024, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903223, encodeId=b27c1903223e7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1b0583884b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58388, encryptionId=e1b0583884b, topicName=新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c22f171, createdName=kord1982, createdTime=Fri Dec 29 23:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1252259, encodeId=a80112522595f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3efee1519b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71519, encryptionId=3efee1519b2, topicName=癌细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4cea26, createdName=yxch36, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375594, encodeId=0f0b13e5594f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549126, encodeId=c115154912652, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569002, encodeId=eb90156900269, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5b9ee7968f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#细胞生长#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=77968, encryptionId=5b9ee7968f5, topicName=细胞生长)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=75d615484024, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-31 yxch36
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903223, encodeId=b27c1903223e7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1b0583884b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58388, encryptionId=e1b0583884b, topicName=新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c22f171, createdName=kord1982, createdTime=Fri Dec 29 23:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1252259, encodeId=a80112522595f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3efee1519b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71519, encryptionId=3efee1519b2, topicName=癌细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4cea26, createdName=yxch36, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375594, encodeId=0f0b13e5594f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549126, encodeId=c115154912652, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569002, encodeId=eb90156900269, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5b9ee7968f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#细胞生长#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=77968, encryptionId=5b9ee7968f5, topicName=细胞生长)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=75d615484024, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-31 智智灵药
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903223, encodeId=b27c1903223e7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1b0583884b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58388, encryptionId=e1b0583884b, topicName=新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c22f171, createdName=kord1982, createdTime=Fri Dec 29 23:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1252259, encodeId=a80112522595f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3efee1519b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71519, encryptionId=3efee1519b2, topicName=癌细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4cea26, createdName=yxch36, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375594, encodeId=0f0b13e5594f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549126, encodeId=c115154912652, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569002, encodeId=eb90156900269, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5b9ee7968f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#细胞生长#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=77968, encryptionId=5b9ee7968f5, topicName=细胞生长)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=75d615484024, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-31 xxxx1054
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1903223, encodeId=b27c1903223e7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1b0583884b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新方法#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58388, encryptionId=e1b0583884b, topicName=新方法)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c22f171, createdName=kord1982, createdTime=Fri Dec 29 23:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1252259, encodeId=a80112522595f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3efee1519b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71519, encryptionId=3efee1519b2, topicName=癌细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4cea26, createdName=yxch36, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375594, encodeId=0f0b13e5594f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智智灵药, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1549126, encodeId=c115154912652, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7879600061' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#重磅#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=96000, encryptionId=f7879600061, topicName=重磅)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3acc14121561, createdName=xxxx1054, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569002, encodeId=eb90156900269, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5b9ee7968f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#细胞生长#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=77968, encryptionId=5b9ee7968f5, topicName=细胞生长)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=75d615484024, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Wed May 31 08:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

Nat Commun:人造病毒设计成功:刺激免疫系统消灭癌细胞!

瑞士日内瓦大学(UNIGE)和瑞士巴塞尔大学的科学家们都创造出可以靶向针对癌症的人造病毒。这些设计师病毒提醒免疫系统,并使其发送杀伤细胞来对抗肿瘤。在Nature Communications杂志上发表的结果为创新的癌症治疗提供了基础。

Nat Commun:肺癌细胞如何将你的肺淹没?

当流体聚集在肺和胸壁之间的空间时,肺癌患者特别容易发生恶性胸腔积液。 Helmholtz ZentrumMünchen与德国肺研究中心(DZL)合作的研究人员发现了一种引发这种情况的新机制。他们的研究发表在“自然通讯”中,也显示出各种活性物质可能被用于治疗这种病症。

Nat Neurosci:研究揭秘早期癌症无痛觉的原因,癌症再也无法伪装!

免疫疗法曾经被认为是治疗癌症的新突破,然而关于免疫疗法的副作用不断引起医学界的关注,如严重的过敏反应,急性糖尿病和心脏损伤等。用于免疫疗法的药物通过激活自身免疫系统抗击癌症,成功率只有五分之一,因此很多病患都在犹豫,是否值得尝试。

Cell Rep:重磅!推翻认知!癌细胞“潜逃”另有他路!

大多数情况下,即便病情能够得到暂时缓解,癌症仍然十分可能在放松控制后得到扩散。现在,美国斯克利普斯研究所(TSRI)科学家已经发现有些癌症可以在相对治愈多年之后复发的内在机制。

2017年5月Science期刊不得不看的亮点研究

2017年5月31日/生物谷BIOON/---5月份即将结束了,5月份Science期刊又有哪些亮点研究值得学习呢?小编对此进行了整理,与各位分享。 1.Science:重磅!开发出延缓癌细胞生长的新方法 doi:10.1126/science.aai9372 癌症是一种非常复杂的疾病,但是它的定义是相当简单的:细胞发生异常和不受控制地生长。如今,在一项新的研究中,来自美国罗彻斯特大

NAT MED:研究揭示铲除“流氓”癌细胞,将癌症“连根拔起”的关键!

研究人员已经发现了一种方法,通过使用能够识别和表征个别癌细胞的新技术以鉴定在肿瘤其余部分被破坏后能够躲过治疗继续存活的“流氓”癌细胞。