Nat Commun:人造病毒设计成功:刺激免疫系统消灭癌细胞!

2017-05-29 枫丹白露 来宝网

瑞士日内瓦大学(UNIGE)和瑞士巴塞尔大学的科学家们都创造出可以靶向针对癌症的人造病毒。这些设计师病毒提醒免疫系统,并使其发送杀伤细胞来对抗肿瘤。在Nature Communications杂志上发表的结果为创新的癌症治疗提供了基础。



【设计师病毒刺激免疫系统对抗癌症】瑞士日内瓦大学(UNIGE)和瑞士巴塞尔大学的科学家们都创造出可以靶向针对癌症的人造病毒。这些设计师病毒提醒免疫系统,并使其发送杀伤细胞来对抗肿瘤。在Nature Communications杂志上发表的结果为创新的癌症治疗提供了基础。

大多数癌细胞只会通过免疫系统(身体的防御机制)引起有限的反应,并且因此可以在没有明显抵抗的情况下生长。相比之下,病毒感染导致身体释放警报信号,刺激免疫系统使用一切可用的手段来对抗入侵者。

坚决防御

用于治疗癌症多年的免疫治疗,“消除”身体的防御体系,从而加强对癌细胞的对抗。然而,刺激免疫系统特异性和全心全意地对抗癌细胞仍然难以捉摸。研究人员现在已经成功地为此制造了创新的设计师病毒。他们的团队由来自UNIGE医学院病理与免疫学系的Doron Merkler教授和巴塞尔大学生物医学系的Daniel Pinschewer教授领导。

研究人员建立了基于淋巴细胞性脉络丛脑膜炎病毒(LCMV)的人造病毒,可以感染啮齿动物和人类。尽管它们对小鼠没有害处,但却确实释放出典型的病毒感染的警报信号。病毒学家还将某些蛋白质整合到病毒中,否则只能在癌细胞中发现。感染设计师病毒使免疫系统能够将这些癌症蛋白质识别为危险者。

报警信号和癌细胞蛋白的独特组合刺激了免疫系统,创造出一种强大的细胞毒性T淋巴细胞,也被称为杀伤细胞,它们通过蛋白质鉴定癌细胞,并成功地摧毁它们。

癌症治疗新希望

癌症患者的治疗方法在过去几年中发展很大。然而,正如研究人员报告的,目前的治疗方法仍然不足以对付许多形式的癌症。研究的资深作者Doron Merkler教授和Daniel Pinschewer教授说:“我们希望我们的新发现和技术将很快被用于癌症治疗,从而有助于进一步提高其成功率。

原始出处

Sandra M. Kallert, Stephanie Darbre, Weldy V. Bonilla, et al. Replicating viral vector platform exploits alarmin signals for potent CD8+ T cell-mediated tumour immunotherapy. Nature Communications 8, Article number: 15327 (2017). doi:10.1038/ncomms15327

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    2017-08-11 heli0118
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    2017-07-23 liye789132251
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    2017-06-01 日月生辉

    新希望,学习了!

    0

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    2017-05-31 yxch36
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1708095, encodeId=46671e08095da, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e00b251e5dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#人造#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=25175, encryptionId=e00b251e5dc, topicName=人造)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48aa31545372, createdName=zjshifan_98647316, createdTime=Tue Jun 13 01:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2087041, encodeId=9c90208e0416d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Fri Aug 11 16:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1882109, encodeId=72351882109f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Jul 23 22:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=205110, encodeId=908e2051103e, content=新希望,学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib260FNcic8ThYQJjaU2fLIb1yNqibkbdJs7gVIDr9xJyYeiapArSMjn3W61bPJtpIazSdAxRaFEOKYgfQjX4achN2d/0, createdBy=68472058812, createdName=日月生辉, createdTime=Thu Jun 01 07:02:42 CST 2017, time=2017-06-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1252260, encodeId=756412522602b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3efee1519b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71519, encryptionId=3efee1519b2, topicName=癌细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4cea26, createdName=yxch36, createdTime=Wed May 31 09:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=204163, encodeId=2b42204163e0, content=人造病毒,学习了,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=550d2008262, createdName=luominglian113, createdTime=Tue May 30 00:13:22 CST 2017, time=2017-05-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-30 luominglian113

    人造病毒,学习了,谢谢分享。

    0

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