JAMA Neurol:这种梗死患者,双抗治疗更有效

2018-04-13 佚名 天坛会

来自北京天坛医院的Jing Jing等通过CHANCE研究亚组分析表明,脑梗死模式能有效地将非心源性短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)或轻型脑卒中患者3个月内卒中复发风险分层,并且多发急性梗死(MAIs)患者可以从双重抗血小板治疗中获益。该研究发表在近期的JAMA Neurology杂志上。

研究表明,TIA或轻型脑卒中患者卒中复发的风险较高。MAIs患者的脑卒中复发率高于单发急性梗死(SAI)或无急性脑梗死(NAI)的患者。

氯吡格雷治疗急性非致残性脑血管事件高危人群的疗效研究(CHANCE)证明,氯吡格雷联合阿司匹林的短期双抗治疗在降低非心源性TIA和轻型脑卒中后前3个月脑卒中复发风险方面的优势,且不增加出血风险。

本研究旨在验证脑梗死模式是否可以用于TIA或轻型脑卒中后3个月内脑卒中复发的风险分层,并评估氯吡格雷联合阿司匹林与单用阿司匹林治疗不同脑梗死类型(NAI,SAI和MAIs)的TIA或轻型脑卒中的疗效和安全性。

研究回顾

该CHANCE亚组研究是一项预先设定的磁共振成像亚组研究,纳入1089例非心源性急性轻型脑卒中与高危TIA患者,随机分配给予氯吡格雷加阿司匹林(氯吡格雷,首剂量300mg,随后为75 mg/d治疗90天,前21天加阿司匹林75mg/d治疗)、安慰剂加阿司匹林(75 mg/d治疗90天)治疗。

所有患者均按TOAST分类标准进行分类。主要终点是3个月内脑卒中复发。次要终点是3个月内新的临床血管事件。3个月时的主要安全性结局是中度至重度出血。

研究结果显示:

1089例患者中,平均年龄63.1岁,男性731例(65%),其中MAIs患者281例(25.8%),SAI患者553例(50.8%),NAI患者255例(23.4%)。

3个月随访显示:与NAI患者相比,MAIs([HR],5.8;95%CI,2.2~15.1;P<0.001)和SAI(HR,3.9;95%CI,1.5~10.5;P = 0.007)患者与脑卒中复发独立相关;

在调整混杂因素后,卒中复发性风险仍高于NAI患者(表1)。

表1  3个月随访中各种梗死模式患者不同抗血小板治疗的效果和安全性


接受氯吡格雷加阿司匹林和单用阿司匹林治疗的患者中,分别有15例和25例脑卒中复发(HR,0.5;95% CI, 0.3-0.96;P = 0.04);

在553例SAI患者中,接受氯吡格雷加阿司匹林和单用阿司匹林治疗的脑卒中复发率分别为8.9%(24例)和8.5%例(24例)(HR,1.1;95%CI,0.6-2.0;P = 0.71);

在255例NAI患者中,接受氯吡格雷加阿司匹林和单用阿司匹林治疗的患者的卒中复发率分别为2.6%(3例)和1.4%(2例)(HR,1.7;95%CI,0.3-11.1;P = 0.56),治疗×梗死模式有显着的交互作用(P = 0.04);

氯吡格雷加阿司匹林不会增加中度至重度出血风险。

该研究表明,梗死模式可以有效地对非心源性TIA或轻型缺血性卒中3个月内脑卒中复发风险分层。MAIs患者可以从双重抗血小板治疗中显着获益,并且不增加中至重度出血的风险。然而,即使经过双重抗血小板治疗,MAIs患者仍有与SAI患者同样高的卒中复发风险。

因此,在未来的研究中,MAIs可能是更强的抗血栓治疗的靶点。

原始出处:

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    2018-06-07 yinhl1978
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    2018-04-15 大爰

    学习了谢谢分享!!

    0

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    2018-04-13 年轻人的生活

    了解了

    0

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61岁男性,因“言语不清伴左侧肢体无力20余天”入院。患者表现为耳聋、言语不清、眩晕不敢睁眼。既往有高血压、糖尿病、心房颤动病史及大量吸烟、饮酒病史。

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对于冠心病或脑梗死患者,他汀是最基本治疗药物之一,只要没有禁忌证,所有患者均应长期服用。我们知道,发生冠心病(包括心肌梗死)和脑梗死的根本原因是动脉粥样斑块形成,而胆固醇是形成动脉粥样斑块的主要原料,没有胆固醇就没有动脉粥样硬化斑块,也就不会有心肌梗死和脑梗死。

Radiology:内囊梗死和脑桥梗死的结构改变和结构功能性代偿的不同模式

内囊是大脑皮层与脑干、脊髓联系的神经纤维通过的一个部位的名称,位于基底神经节与丘脑之间。通往大脑皮层的运动神经纤维和感觉神经纤维,均经内囊向上呈扇形放射状分布。肌紧张和肌肉运动是由脑干网状结构控制的。脑桥网状核是网状结构易化区域之一。脑桥的被盖和延髓网状结构背外侧部、中脑中央灰质以及下丘脑后部和丘脑中缝核群等共同对同侧伸肌起调节作用,主要是易化性影响。另外,在大脑-脑桥-小脑之间形成一个环形联系,