LANCET INFECT DIS:初级保健中抗菌素管理教育计划对社区广谱β-内酰胺酶的大肠杆菌引起的感染的长期影响

2020-02-18 Gladiator MedSci原创

目前,关于基层医疗机构中,比如社区,抗菌素管理计划(ASPs)的生态效应和可持续性的证据很少。 本研究的目标是通过优化抗生素的使用来确定多模式,教育性的ASP是否能够长期可持续发展并降低社区中由产生广谱β-内酰胺酶的大肠杆菌引起的感染发生率。

目前,关于基层医疗机构中,比如社区,抗菌素管理计划(ASPs)的生态效应和可持续性的证据很少。 本研究的目标是通过优化抗生素的使用来确定多模式,教育性的ASP是否能够长期持续发展并降低社区中由产生广谱β-内酰胺酶的大肠杆菌引起的感染发生率。 

研究人员在西班牙安达卢西亚的四个主要保健区的214个主要保健中心中进行了这项准实验干预研究。在每个地区都成立了由多学科医师,儿科医生,初级保健药师和流行病学家组成的地方跨学科团队,并实施了基于教育的多模式ASP。该计划的核心活动是由参考面试医师和每个中心的处方医师之间定期进行一对一的教育访谈,以结构化问卷为基础对他们最近(同一天或前一天)抗生素处方的适用性进行评估。适当的处方定义为所有清单项目均符合参考指南。每个研究者每年平均安排5次教育访问。研究人员进行了中断的时间序列分析,以评估干预措施对每季度使用抗生素(患者处方和收集)和处方质量(按每千名居民每天定义的日剂量)和从尿液样本中分离出每1000居民产生大范围β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)的大肠杆菌的发病率。

研究于20121月至201712月之间进行,干预期为2012-13年,干预期为2014-17年。在整个研究期间,卫生中心共有1387名医生(1116名全科医生和271名儿科医生)参与本研究,平均人口为1 937 512人(儿童299 331人和成年人1 638 181人)。在过去的4年中,进行了24150次教育访谈20144917次教育访谈中,有1794(36·5%)发现抗生素使用不当,而20176665次教育访谈中有1793(26·9%)发现抗生素使用不当(p<0·0001)。该干预措施与持续减少环丙沙星的使用(相对效果−15·9%,95CI -23·9-8·0)和头孢菌素(−22·6%,-35·9- 9·2),以及阿莫西林(22·2%,从6·438·0)和磷霉素苯丁胺(6%·1%,从2·69·6)的持续使用相关。该计划开始后,每1000居民产生ESBL的大肠杆菌的发生密度下降-0.028例(95CI -0·034-0.021),从而逆转了干预前的增加并导致4年后相对减少了-65·6%(-68·2-63·0)。

研究数据表明,基于个人教育访谈在初级保健中实施多模式ASP可以改善抗生素的使用,并会使社区中产生ESBL的大肠杆菌感染的持续减少。 这些信息应鼓励在初级保健中实施ASP

原始出处:

Rocío Fernández-Urrusuno, PhD , Rosé María Turmo, MD. Long-term impact of an educational antimicrobial stewardship programme in primary care on infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in the community: an interrupted time-series analysis.

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    2020-08-14 cmj8wellington
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  5. 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createdName=12498bf3m25暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Feb 20 04:02:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1395858, encodeId=e30a139585802, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a89e4036eb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#社区#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74036, encryptionId=7a89e4036eb, topicName=社区)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=96f62500201, createdName=12498e67m28暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Feb 20 04:02:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=379399, encodeId=2a713e93999b, content=好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bbc11488193, createdName=thm112988, createdTime=Wed Feb 19 07:05:48 CST 2020, time=2020-02-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-01-13 howi
  6. 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  7. 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    2020-02-19 thm112988

    0

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