Lancet Oncol:推荐局灶性食管癌应用FOLFOX联合同步放疗

2014-03-04 佚名 www.thelancet.com

在食管癌患者中,针对性放化疗是一种可供选择的治愈性治疗手段,在不适合进行外科手术治疗的患者中尤为如此。PRODIGE5/ACCORD17研究的目的在于评价在局限性食管癌患者中,FOLFOX治疗方案(氟尿嘧啶联合亚叶酸钙和奥沙利铂)与氟尿嘧啶和顺铂作为放化疗治疗的一部分的治疗效果比较,来自于法国Lorraine肿瘤研究所的Thierry Conroy等设计了相关研究,并将

在食管癌患者中,针对性放化疗是一种可供选择的治愈性治疗手段,在不适合进行外科手术治疗的患者中尤为如此。PRODIGE5/ACCORD17研究的目的在于评价在局限性食管癌患者中,FOLFOX治疗方案(氟尿嘧啶联合亚叶酸钙和奥沙利铂)与氟尿嘧啶和顺铂作为放化疗治疗的一部分的治疗效果比较,来自于法国Lorraine肿瘤研究所的Thierry Conroy等设计了相关研究,并将研究结果发表在Lancet Oncol 2月的在线期刊上。

本研究为多中心、随机、开放式标签、平行分组、2/3期临床研究,在2004年10月15日至2011年8月25日期间,研究者从分布于法国的24个分中心内纳入了年龄在18岁及以上的食管癌患者。符合入组标准的患者为经确诊的分期从I至IVA的食管癌患者(腺癌、鳞状细胞癌或腺鳞癌)、东部肿瘤协作组织分级为0-2级、有足够的热量摄入、血液系统检查正常、肝肾功能正常,以及适宜进行针对性放化疗。

研究者将符合入组标准的受试者按照1:1随机分为2组,一组接受6个疗程的治疗(其中3个疗程和放疗同时进行),FOLFOX方案为奥沙利铂85mg/m2、亚叶酸钙200mg/m2和氟尿嘧啶400mg/m2,静脉推注治疗,以及静脉滴注氟尿嘧啶1600mg/m2,用药时间大于46小时;另一组收拾患者接受4个疗程的治疗(其中2个疗程和放疗同时进行),方案为氟尿嘧啶1000 mg/m2每天,用药4天,以及在第一天顺铂75mg/m2.每组受试者都接受总量为50Gy的放疗,分25次进行,每周5次。

研究者通过最小化中央电脑随机化分组程序对受试者进行随机化分组,并根据所纳入受试者的研究中心、组织学类型、体重减轻程度、ECOG状态进行分层。本研究的主要终点事件为无进展生存期。最初的数据分析采用意向治疗分析法进行分析。本研究在ClinicalTrials.gov注册,注册号为NCT00861094. FOLFOX组共有134名受试者,氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂组有133名受试者(意向治疗分析人群),实际按照分组接受研究药物治疗的受试者在FOLFOX组有131人,在氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂组为128人。中位随访时间为25.3月。中位无进展生存期在FOLFOX组为9.7月,在氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂组为9.4月,HR为0.93,两组差异无显著统计学意义。在FOLFOX组出现一例中毒死亡事件,在氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂组为6例,两组差异无显著统计学意义。

在两组间,研究者没有记录到最常见的3级或4级不良反应事件的发生率存在显著差异。在所有级别的不良反应事件中,发生率在5%及以上的分述如下,偏身感觉异常(FOLFOX组/氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂组:47%/2%,差异具有显著统计学意义)、感觉性神经病变(FOLFOX组/氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂组:18%/1%,差异具有显著统计学意义)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶浓度增高(FOLFOX组/氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂组:8%/2%,差异具有显著统计学意义)。

而在氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂组中下述不良反应发生率更高:血肌酐增加(FOLFOX组/氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂组:3%/12%,差异具有显著统计学意义)、粘膜炎(FOLFOX组/氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂组:27%/32%,差异具有显著统计学意义)和脱发(FOLFOX组/氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂组:2%/12%,差异具有显著统计学意义)。

本研究结果指出,在不适宜进行手术治疗的局灶性食管癌患者中,与氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂方案相比,虽然包含FOLFOX方案的放化疗并不能增加上述患者群体的无进展生存期,但是FOLFOX方案或许是上述患者群体的更常用的治疗选择。

研究背景

放疗肿瘤组(RTOG)85-01研究确定了针对性放疗联合同步化疗(氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂)对局灶性食管癌患者的治疗有效性的地位;与单独进行放疗相比,同步放化疗能显著改善患者的生存期。后续的一项研究则证实了这种化放疗方案的有效性和安全性,同时将其作为不适宜进行手术治疗的食管癌患者的标准治疗方案。

然而,在放化疗组中,46%的患者会出现局部复发、20%的患者中会发生危及生命的毒性反应(包括毒性反应引起的死亡),41%的患者并不能按计划进行放化疗治疗。

虽然治疗方式出现了一定进展,但是食管癌患者的预后仍然不佳,因此需要更有效的治疗方案的出现。此外,应用顺铂具有一定困难因为其需要延长静脉脱水时间,所以应试图找到能改善患者预后的更便捷和安全的治疗方案。增加亚叶酸钙治疗能调节氟尿嘧啶的活性,并且在小样本量的食管癌患者中进行的研究显示采用氟尿嘧啶和亚叶酸钙治疗似乎能带来令人振奋的结果。

在体和离体的基础和临床研究提示奥沙利铂是一种强有力的放疗增敏药物,其也能用于对顺铂的耐药的患者。奥沙利铂的致吐性低于顺铂,且不需要进行静脉脱水,也不具有神经毒性。

在数个针对晚期或转移性食管癌患者到的1期和2期研究中,联合奥沙利铂和氟尿嘧啶及亚叶酸钙的方案(FOLFOX)无论是作为和放疗的联合应用方案亦或是作为单独化疗方案所带来的治疗有效性结果令人振奋。

在1期临床研究中研究者确立了同步FOLFOX治疗时的最大耐受剂量。研究者进行了随机2/3期研究比较了同步放疗联合FOLFOX方案或氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂——标准RTOG方案对不能进行外科手术治疗的食管癌患者的有效性和安全性。

研究者既往已经报道了2期研究的部分结果,在本文中,研究者详细报道了该研究的3期扩展结果,主要是比较两种不同治疗方案对无进展生存期的疗效。

原始出处:

Conroy T1, Galais MP2, Raoul JL3, Bouché O4, Gourgou-Bourgade S5, Douillard JY6, Etienne PL7, Boige V8, Martel-Lafay I9, Michel P10, Llacer-Moscardo C11, François E12, Créhange G13, Abdelghani MB14, Juzyna B15, Bedenne L16, Adenis A17; for the Fédération Francophone de Cancérologie Digestive and UNICANCER-GI Group.Definitive chemoradiotherapy with FOLFOX versus fluorouracil and cisplatin in patients with oesophageal cancer (PRODIGE5/ACCORD17): final results of a randomised, phase 2/3 trial.Lancet Oncol. 2014 Feb 17. pii: S1470-2045(14)70028-2. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70028-2. 

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    2014-06-06 minlingfeng
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    2014-07-22 howi
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    2014-03-06 zhouqu_8
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    2014-03-06 linlin2314

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