In vitro chondrotoxicity of bupivacaine, levobupivacaine and ropivacaine and their effects on caspase activity in cultured canine articular chondrocytes

Mwale, C; Sunaga, T; Wang, YL; Bwalya, EC; Wijekoon, HMS; Kim, S; Okumura, M

Mwale, C (通讯作者),Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Vet Med, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Lab Vet Surg, Kita 18 Nishi 9,Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600818, Japan.

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL SCIENCE, 2023; 85 (4): 515