正确认识和提高荟萃分析(meta分析)质量

2011-12-10 王小钦 张博恒 中国医学论坛报

 荟萃(Meta)分析是一种统计方法,被用于比较和综合针对同一科学问题所取得的研究结果,得出更可靠的结论。当研究结果存在矛盾而目前又没有能力实施大规模临床研究时,研究者需要采用Meta分析,为决策提供依据,对于已有公认的结论,一般无须进行Meta分析。   Meta分析局限性   理想Meta分析是指纳入所有高质量、同质的研究,无发表偏倚,并采用正确统计方法。然而,由于纳入所有研究十分困难,并

 荟萃(Meta)分析是一种统计方法,被用于比较和综合针对同一科学问题所取得的研究结果,得出更可靠的结论。当研究结果存在矛盾而目前又没有能力实施大规模临床研究时,研究者需要采用Meta分析,为决策提供依据,对于已有公认的结论,一般无须进行Meta分析。

  Meta分析局限性

  理想Meta分析是指纳入所有高质量、同质的研究,无发表偏倚,并采用正确统计方法。然而,由于纳入所有研究十分困难,并且异质性和发表偏倚均无法避免,故Meta分析存在一定的局限性。

  Meta分析属二次研究,是一种回顾性研究,无法消除合并研究的异质性,其论证强度不如多中心大样本RCT。异质性来源包括:① 病例来源(如亚洲、欧洲人群)不同;② 病例选择标准(如年龄、疾病分期、病理类型)不同;③ 干预措施(给药方式或维持治疗方案)不同;④ 对研究终点指标的定义不同,如生存期起点的定义不同可造成总体生存时间不同;随访间隔不同可造成无疾病进展期(PFS)不同。

  目前,即使有临床试验注册网,亦难以获得全部阴性研究结果,不可能完全避免发表偏倚。2008年《新英格兰医学杂志》发表的一项关于抗抑郁药物临床试验发表偏倚现状的研究显示,在74项美国食品与药物管理局(FDA)注册研究中,约 31% 的临床研究结果未正式发表,其中主要为阴性研究结果。

  提高荟萃分析质量

  目前,Meta分析质量亟待提高。国外学者研究显示,科克伦(Cochrane)图书馆中的36篇Meta分析中的44.4%存在方法学问题,而其他杂志的103篇Meta分析中的79.3%存在方法学问题。提高Meta分析质量须注意以下4点:① 文献收集的全面性决定了结论的可靠性;② 合并文献的研究质量决定了结论的可靠性(如采用Chalmers评分、Jadad评分等评价RCT研究质量);③ 选择正确统计方法,如采用剪补法分析不同年限、人种、样本量及质量评分的研究;④ 规范写作,严格按照Meta分析报告标准(PRISMA声明)写作。

  (复旦大学临床流行病学/循证医学中心 复旦大学华山医院血液科 王小钦 复旦大学中山医院肝癌研究所 张博恒)

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    2012-11-08 panxo

    Yeah that's what I'm tlaking about baby--nice work!

    0

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    2012-05-01 一闲
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    2012-08-22 guojianrong
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    2012-05-28 luoyand

    阅读了

    0

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