Science:高热量食物或让人“上瘾”

2013-12-20 林小春 新华社

当许多人为减肥而决定放弃好吃的高热量食物时,却发现自己已然无法抵御这些美味的诱惑,同时对低热量的健康食物毫无兴趣。中美一项最新研究表明,这可能是因为长期高热量饮食引发了类似吸食尼古丁的上瘾行为,只有继续吃高热量食物才会获得满足感。【原文下载】 研究人员在16日出版的美国《科学》杂志上报告说,他们比较了常规饲料与高脂饲料喂养的小鼠在摄取高热量与低热量脂肪乳时,大脑释放的多巴胺(大脑中一种产

当许多人为减肥而决定放弃好吃的高热量食物时,却发现自己已然无法抵御这些美味的诱惑,同时对低热量的健康食物毫无兴趣。中美一项最新研究表明,这可能是因为长期高热量饮食引发了类似吸食尼古丁的上瘾行为,只有继续吃高热量食物才会获得满足感。【原文下载
 
研究人员在16日出版的美国《科学》杂志上报告说,他们比较了常规饲料与高脂饲料喂养的小鼠在摄取高热量与低热量脂肪乳时,大脑释放的多巴胺(大脑中一种产生满足感的化学物质)差异。结果发现,用高脂饲料喂养的小鼠脑中的多巴胺神经只对胃中高浓度的脂肪乳有反应。
 
参与研究的耶鲁大学和同济大学联合培养博士韩雯斐对新华社记者说:“高脂饲料饲养的小鼠脑中的多巴胺神经,几乎感受不到稀释的脂肪乳中所含有的能量。这就是说,低浓度的脂肪乳已不再让高脂饲料饲养的小鼠感到满足。”
 
他们还发现,肠道上皮细胞分泌的脂质信号分子OEA会调节多巴胺奖赏系统,但“长期高脂饮食会干扰这一信号系统,导致多巴胺系统无法对不太可口的低热量食物刺激做出奖赏反应”。在小鼠实验中,高脂饲料饲养的小鼠胃肠道中OEA含量非常低。但如果给高脂喂养小鼠体内重新注入OEA,其大脑的多巴胺系统又会重新感受到低能量脂肪乳带来的满足感。
 
对于这一研究的意义,韩雯斐说,这表明重建胃肠脂质信号可以增强多巴胺系统对于低热量食物的反应,这对帮助有高脂饮食习惯的人恢复健康饮食具有重要意义。

原文出处

Tellez LA, Medina S, Han W, Ferreira JG, Licona-Limón P, Ren X, Lam TT, Schwartz GJ, de Araujo IE.A gut lipid messenger links excess dietary fat to dopamine deficiency.Science. 2013 Aug 16【原文下载

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    2013-12-22 jichang
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    2013-12-22 yhy100201
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