Nutr Rev:≥65岁成年人的不同饮食模式对心脏代谢健康的影响

2021-07-20 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

心脏代谢疾病是导致死亡和发病的主要原因。衰老会增加疾病发展的风险。饮食对心脏代谢健康具有保护作用和因果作用。

心脏代谢疾病是导致死亡和发病的主要原因。衰老会增加疾病发展的风险。饮食对心脏代谢健康具有保护作用和因果作用。

本研究旨在巩固目前关于饮食模式对≥65岁成年人心脏代谢健康的短期和长期影响的证据。

Rebecca等研究人员从12个数据库(有Medline、Embase、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials和Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews等)中检索了40042条记录。采用校正Cochrane风险偏倚工具对随机试验进行质量评估。使用推荐分级、评估、制定和评估来评估证据的可靠性。

部分随机对照试验和队列研究的结果

经多次筛选,最后本次分析纳入了13项研究(5项队列研究、3项随机对照试验)。分析结果显示,长期低脂饮食模式降低了肥胖率;然而,对高血压发病率、复合冠心病(包括心肌梗死、冠心病和冠脉重建)发病率、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平和血压升高均无明显影响地中海饮食模式导致了甘油三酯水平和收缩压降低,短期内对舒张压和血糖没有影响。其他饮食模式的影响尚不能明确。

总体上,在老年人中,地中海饮食模式显示出了最大的益处,而且对心脏代谢健康没有损害。当前的证据体量较小,表明需要更多的研究以高度确定的证据来证实这些发现,包括与其他饮食成分相结合的饮食模式、具有心脏代谢疾病或危险因素的亚组、更长的随访时间以及尚未调查的结果。

原始出处:

Luong Rebecca,Ribeiro Rosilene V,Cunningham Jessica et al. The short- and long-term effects of dietary patterns on cardiometabolic health in adults aged 65 years or older: a systematic review.[J] .Nutr Rev, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuab032

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