2022 ASCO:派姆单抗联合化疗可显著提高早期三阴性乳腺癌的生存预后

2022-07-27 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

与单用化疗相比,派姆单抗联合化疗可延长 RCB-0、RCB-1 和 RCB-2 级患者的 EFS。

KEYNOTE-522 试验评估了化疗加用派姆单抗在早期三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)患者中的疗效。主要分析结果显示,加用派姆单抗对病理完全缓解率(pCR)和无事件生存率(EFS)具有统计学限制性和临床意义的改善。既往研究证明了残留癌负荷(RCB)方法对量化新辅助化疗后残留病灶的程度具有预后价值。

本文报告了 KEYNOTE-522 试验的探索性分析结果:根据 RCB 类别评估 EFS。

在该试验中,1174位既往未治疗过的、非转移性、T1c/N1-2 或 T2-4/N0-2 期 TNBC 患者被随机(2:1)分至派姆单抗组(200 mg,Q3W)或安慰剂组,所有患者同时接受 4 个疗程的紫杉醇+卡铂,继以 4 个疗程的阿霉素或表阿霉素+环磷酰胺。手术后,患者接受派姆单抗或安慰剂干预直到满 9 个疗程,或复发或出现不可耐受的毒性。主要终点是 pCR 和 EFS。残留癌负荷(RCB)由病理学家在手术时进行评估。

各组患者的EFS

截止2021年3月23日,中位随访了39.1个月。派姆单抗将 RCB 在整个谱系中降到了较低的类别。RCB-0、RCB-1、RCB-2、RCB-3 级患者的 EFS 的风险比(HR)分别是 0.70 (0.38-1.31)、0.92 (0.39-2.20) 、0.52 (0.32-0.82) 和 1.24 (0.69-2.23)。两组最常见的 EFS 事件是远处复发,在所有 RCB 分级中派姆单抗组的远处复发事件均更少。

总之,残留癌负荷(RCB)评分升高与更差的 EFS 相关。派姆单抗组有残留病灶的患者的 RCB 评分较低。与单用化疗相比,派姆单抗联合化疗可延长 RCB-0、RCB-1 和 RCB-2 级患者的 EFS。两组有广泛残留病灶(RCB-3)的患者的预防都较差,EFS 分别是 5.1% 和 6.7%。该研究结果强调了新辅助治疗对改善早期患者生存预后的重要性,并鉴定出了一个需要额外治疗的患者亚群。

 

原始出处:

Event-free survival by residual cancer burden after neoadjuvant pembrolizumab + chemotherapy versus placebo + chemotherapy for early TNBC: Exploratory analysis from KEYNOTE-522. First Author: Lajos Pusztai, Yale School of Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT.

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    2022-06-02 xlysu

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