JPSP:恰如其分的自我评价,也许能通往成功之门!

2021-07-11 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

以前的研究表明,人们往往觉得自己比他人表现的更好,特别是当事情很容易的时候。然而,在困难的事情中,大多数人倾向于预测别人会比自己做得更好。

以前的研究表明,人们往往觉得自己比他人表现的更好,特别是当事情很容易的时候。然而,在困难的事情中,大多数人倾向于预测别人会比自己做得更好。那么,为什么有些人高估了自己的能力,而有些人则低估了自己的能力。

CCO

为了理解这些看似矛盾的发现,近日,发表在 Journal of Personality and Social Psychology杂志的一项研究对跑步者进行了调查,以了解人们的预期表现。

在这项研究中,研究人员选择了一项具有挑战性的山地比赛,上坡距离从 10 78 不等公里。在控制了年龄、性别和跑步经验之后,研究人员发现,过度自信的跑步者会错判他们的完成时间将好于平均水平的跑步者,而预测自己表现会低于平均水平的跑步者,往往是对自己不够自信,对自己表现有所了解,但对竞争对手过分高估。

研究者表示,该研究确定了两种不同的偏见来源或不同的原因,说明人们对自我评估并不准确,可能往往带有对自己能力的偏见和他人能力的偏见。同样,缺乏自信的人不仅在预测自己能力表现方面非常准确,而且往往是那些优于平均水平的人。

同时,研究者强调,自信不足的人往往能激励自己更加努力工作。然而,自信不足的问题是,它可能会阻止那些真正有潜力人,在特定工作或职业表现出色的人去尝试,因为他们错误地认为有许多人比他们更优秀。

另外,高估自己表现的人往往比平均水平差。过度自信可能是好事也可能是坏事,这取决于它是否会转化为更高或更低的动力,从而获得理想的结果。人类的一些最伟大的成就可能是由某种形式的过度自信推动的。但人类最引人注目的失败也是如此。

综上,基于对自己和他人能力的准确评估,经过充分校准的信心是人们应该努力的目标。

原始出处

Isabelle Engeler et al, Miscalibration in predicting one's performance: Disentangling misplacement and misestimation., Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (2020). DOI: 10.1037/pspi0000301

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    2022-06-05 liuquanmn
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2057482, encodeId=759b205e48234, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2a781481122' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PSP#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14811, encryptionId=2a781481122, topicName=PSP)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9c94141, createdName=liuquanmn, createdTime=Sun Jun 05 04:16:24 CST 2022, time=2022-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=999088, encodeId=0d5699908865, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=969d2873055, createdName=走,走走, createdTime=Tue Jul 13 12:59:54 CST 2021, time=2021-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1444705, encodeId=e9021444e05e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3d9291459d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#评价#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91459, encryptionId=3d9291459d1, topicName=评价)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1fee5134542, createdName=huagfeg, createdTime=Tue Jul 13 08:16:24 CST 2021, time=2021-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=998725, encodeId=8b28998e2575, content=自信是第一生产力!不要妄自菲薄。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211019/df01a4bfb64246379ddfef3370d04115/e1274c8eb5e440918f56f83bcfea9031.jpg, createdBy=3a345397082, createdName=Jessica, createdTime=Mon Jul 12 10:38:17 CST 2021, time=2021-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=998532, encodeId=80039985323d, content=及时关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210313/9df56058b3964a8cac82563f95f0389d/c1b478592e8e4463bef44d32712e98fd.jpg, createdBy=ea905324251, createdName=SR~young海东, createdTime=Sun Jul 11 17:36:59 CST 2021, time=2021-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-13 走,走走

    有意思

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2057482, encodeId=759b205e48234, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2a781481122' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PSP#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14811, encryptionId=2a781481122, topicName=PSP)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9c94141, createdName=liuquanmn, createdTime=Sun Jun 05 04:16:24 CST 2022, time=2022-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=999088, encodeId=0d5699908865, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=969d2873055, createdName=走,走走, createdTime=Tue Jul 13 12:59:54 CST 2021, time=2021-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1444705, encodeId=e9021444e05e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3d9291459d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#评价#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91459, encryptionId=3d9291459d1, topicName=评价)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1fee5134542, createdName=huagfeg, createdTime=Tue Jul 13 08:16:24 CST 2021, time=2021-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=998725, encodeId=8b28998e2575, content=自信是第一生产力!不要妄自菲薄。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211019/df01a4bfb64246379ddfef3370d04115/e1274c8eb5e440918f56f83bcfea9031.jpg, createdBy=3a345397082, createdName=Jessica, createdTime=Mon Jul 12 10:38:17 CST 2021, time=2021-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=998532, encodeId=80039985323d, content=及时关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210313/9df56058b3964a8cac82563f95f0389d/c1b478592e8e4463bef44d32712e98fd.jpg, createdBy=ea905324251, createdName=SR~young海东, createdTime=Sun Jul 11 17:36:59 CST 2021, time=2021-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-13 huagfeg
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2057482, encodeId=759b205e48234, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2a781481122' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PSP#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14811, encryptionId=2a781481122, topicName=PSP)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9c94141, createdName=liuquanmn, createdTime=Sun Jun 05 04:16:24 CST 2022, time=2022-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=999088, encodeId=0d5699908865, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=969d2873055, createdName=走,走走, createdTime=Tue Jul 13 12:59:54 CST 2021, time=2021-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1444705, encodeId=e9021444e05e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3d9291459d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#评价#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91459, encryptionId=3d9291459d1, topicName=评价)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1fee5134542, createdName=huagfeg, createdTime=Tue Jul 13 08:16:24 CST 2021, time=2021-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=998725, encodeId=8b28998e2575, content=自信是第一生产力!不要妄自菲薄。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211019/df01a4bfb64246379ddfef3370d04115/e1274c8eb5e440918f56f83bcfea9031.jpg, createdBy=3a345397082, createdName=Jessica, createdTime=Mon Jul 12 10:38:17 CST 2021, time=2021-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=998532, encodeId=80039985323d, content=及时关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210313/9df56058b3964a8cac82563f95f0389d/c1b478592e8e4463bef44d32712e98fd.jpg, createdBy=ea905324251, createdName=SR~young海东, createdTime=Sun Jul 11 17:36:59 CST 2021, time=2021-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-12 Jessica

    自信是第一生产力!不要妄自菲薄。

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2057482, encodeId=759b205e48234, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2a781481122' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PSP#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14811, encryptionId=2a781481122, topicName=PSP)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9c94141, createdName=liuquanmn, createdTime=Sun Jun 05 04:16:24 CST 2022, time=2022-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=999088, encodeId=0d5699908865, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=969d2873055, createdName=走,走走, createdTime=Tue Jul 13 12:59:54 CST 2021, time=2021-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1444705, encodeId=e9021444e05e6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3d9291459d1' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#评价#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91459, encryptionId=3d9291459d1, topicName=评价)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1fee5134542, createdName=huagfeg, createdTime=Tue Jul 13 08:16:24 CST 2021, time=2021-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=998725, encodeId=8b28998e2575, content=自信是第一生产力!不要妄自菲薄。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211019/df01a4bfb64246379ddfef3370d04115/e1274c8eb5e440918f56f83bcfea9031.jpg, createdBy=3a345397082, createdName=Jessica, createdTime=Mon Jul 12 10:38:17 CST 2021, time=2021-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=998532, encodeId=80039985323d, content=及时关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=68, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210313/9df56058b3964a8cac82563f95f0389d/c1b478592e8e4463bef44d32712e98fd.jpg, createdBy=ea905324251, createdName=SR~young海东, createdTime=Sun Jul 11 17:36:59 CST 2021, time=2021-07-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-11 SR~young海东

    及时关注

    0