EADV 2013:辣椒素贴片可缓解臂桡侧瘙痒症

2013-11-22 MedSci MedSci原创

欧洲皮肤病与性病学会(EADV)年会上报告的一项初步观察研究显示,含8%辣椒素的贴片,即Quenza,可能是臂桡侧瘙痒症的一种新型有效治疗药物,这种新型治疗策略的一大优势在于患者只需使用贴片而不必每天服药。德国Müenster大学的Claudia Zeidler医生报告指出,臂桡侧瘙痒症(Brachioradial pruritus,BRP)是一种神经病变性瘙痒,常伴有疼痛、烧灼感和刺痛,病变局限

欧洲皮肤病与性病学会(EADV)年会上报告的一项初步观察研究显示,含8%辣椒素的贴片,即Quenza,可能是臂桡侧瘙痒症的一种新型有效治疗药物,这种新型治疗策略的一大优势在于患者只需使用贴片而不必每天服药。

德国Müenster大学的Claudia Zeidler医生报告指出,臂桡侧瘙痒症(Brachioradial pruritus,BRP)是一种神经病变性瘙痒,常伴有疼痛、烧灼感和刺痛,病变局限于前臂背外侧,沿着C5或C6皮节分布区分布,在女性中更为多见。患者的影像学检查一般显示椎管狭窄或其他颈椎管病理改变,压迫颈神经根。Zeidler医生及其同事发现,BRP患者病变皮肤与前臂腹侧面的非病变皮肤相比,表皮内神经纤维密度减小。患者一过性受体电位阳离子通道亚家族V成员1(TRPV1)的表达与非病变皮肤相比也减少。TRPV1影响角质细胞分化与增殖间的平衡,因此能够影响表皮屏障功能。

这项研究招募了16例BRP病程平均为91个月、曾尝试联合各种抗惊厥药、抗抑郁药及抗组胺药治疗但均未成功的患者,其中13例为女患者,年龄介于47~69岁。受累皮肤外观正常,只是有12例患者抓痕处有色素沉着,看起来像结节性痒疹。磁共振成像显示16例患者中有15例存在颈神经压迫或退行性改变。瘙痒症缓解一般始于诊室治疗开始的次日。治疗后3周,0~10分视觉模拟量表的平均瘙痒症强度评分从治疗前的5.8降至1.1。平均疼痛强度评分从4.2 降至0.8。皮肤病生活质量指数评分从治疗前的8.9减至4.3,证实生活质量有显著改善。病变皮肤的TRPV1水平在治疗后3周与基线相比显著上升,但病变皮肤的表皮内神经纤维密度没有显著差异。2、3、4个月的患者随访表明瘙痒症和疼痛缓解一般持续5~6周。研究结束以后,在症状复发时,患者会前来接受再治疗。

含8%的辣椒素贴片的副作用为持续20分钟的轻微的局部疼痛和烧灼感,见于14例患者。

14×20 cm的含8%辣椒素的贴片已在欧洲获准用于治疗非糖尿病性神经病变痛,在美国获准用于治疗带状疱疹后神经痛。贴片含179 mg辣椒素。Zeidler医生及合作者们在研究中遵循了该贴片的详细指导说明。

该贴片一定要由医务人员使用,不允许擅自用药。为了促进贴片的粘附,应该使用剪刀去毛而非剃毛。研究者们在直接将贴片置于瘙痒区之前,局部给予2.5%的利多卡因作用1小时,以减少不适感。在1小时后取下贴片,随后立即应用贴片自带的清洁啫喱,持续1分钟,以便于完全清除辣椒素而避免残留。

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