Eur Radiol:双能计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像评估急性椎体骨折骨髓水肿和骨折线的综合比较

2022-09-07 医路坦克 MedSci原创

ECT既能提供关于骨折线3D方位的详细信息,又能提供BME,本研究的目的是彻底比较DECT和MRI在急性椎体骨折的临床环境中的诊断准确性、诊断置信度和用于评估骨折线和BME的图像质量。

脊柱创伤的情况下,根据骨折线独特的形态特征对急性椎体骨折进行放射学诊断可能是具有挑战性的,特别是在出现老年骨质疏松性骨折的老年患者。在这种情况下,检测骨髓水肿(BME)作为急性损伤的标志可以大大促进更准确的诊断。磁共振成像(MRI)充分显示了BME,代表了目前诊断急性椎体骨折的金标准。然而,MRI存在局限性,如对骨结构的描述减少,检查时间较长。

计算机断层扫描(CT)由于空间分辨率高,检查时间短,是骨结构和骨折线形态评估的黄金标准。然而,骨小梁覆盖在骨髓上,影响了常规CT对BME的显示。作为一项技术发展,双能CT(DECT)通过应用两种不同的X射线能谱,能够根据不同的衰减曲线区分某些材料,从而克服了这一限制。DECT在临床常规中的使用显著增加,许多后处理算法已经开发出来。在这种情况下,DECT衍生的虚拟无钙(VNCa)图像允许从松质骨中减去钙信号,从而能够可视化BME。对于急性椎体骨折,几项研究表明,与MRI相比,VNCA系列仅用于评估BME具有较高的诊断准确率。

DECT可以被认为是一种综合技术,既能提供关于骨折线3D方位的详细信息,又能提供BME。然而,到目前为止,还没有对这两种信息进行全面的DECT和MRI联合分析,这在准确评估脊柱创伤严重程度和相应地及时开始适当治疗的角度可能具有特殊的临床意义。因此,我们研究的目的是彻底比较DECT和MRI急性椎体骨折的临床环境中的诊断准确性诊断置信度和用于评估骨折线和BME的图像质量。

方法:对88例脊柱双源DECT和3-T MRI扫描资料进行回顾性分析。5位放射科医生评估了所有椎骨的BME的存在和范围,并在MRI上和12周后进行了DECT序列检查,以确定急性骨折线。此外,还评估了图像质量、图像噪声和对急性脊椎骨折整体诊断的可信度。CT数值的定量分析由第六位放射科医生执行。两位放射科医生分析了MRI和灰度DECT序列以确定参考标准。

使用彩色编码虚拟无钙(VNCa)图像评估椎体中是否存在骨髓水肿(BME)的每个阅读器的基于椎骨的诊断准确性结果

使用彩色编码虚拟无钙(VNCa)图像评估椎体骨髓水肿(BME)程度的每个读取器的基于节段的诊断准确性结果

应用磁共振成像(MRI)和双能量计算机断层扫描(DECT)评估骨髓水肿(BME)和急性椎体骨折线的读者置信度评分

一名26岁的女性在摩托车事故后出现脊柱损伤。矢状位涡轮反转恢复幅度(TIRM)-磁共振成像(MRI)序列显示L1的上两个象限有骨髓水肿(箭头)。矢状位自旋回波(SE)T1加权成像显示两条明显的急性骨折线,影响前、上(箭头)皮质表面。C双能量计算机断层扫描(DECT)-虚拟无钙(VNCa)图像,显示两个上象限的BME(箭头,显示为绿色区域)。在BME的存在、范围(2象限)和诊断可信度(评分,3)方面,DECT和MRI之间完全一致。矢状位灰阶DECT序列不仅显示两条皮质骨折线(箭头),而且还显示一条水平高密度线(黄色箭头),显示小梁嵌塞,所有读者都发现并解释为后缘受累,但在矢状位T1加权MRI序列上每个读者都漏掉了这一点。在MRI和DECT系列中,5/5的读者对描绘骨折线的信心被评为高分(3分)

87岁女性,因家庭跌倒而出现急性脊椎损伤。矢状面涡轮反转恢复幅度(TIRM)-磁共振成像(MRI)序列,b自旋回波(SE)T1加权MRI序列,以及c双能量计算机断层扫描(DECT)-虚拟无钙(VNCa)重建,显示L4所有四个象限的骨髓水肿(BME)(箭头)。在两种技术上,所有读者在评估BME的存在(分数3=不同的BME)和范围(分数4=所有象限)方面都是一致的。此外,矢状位常规灰阶DECT图像可以检测到L1腹侧基板急性轻微脱位骨折(箭头),表现为泪滴状骨折,并可能与本研究中的所有读者相关的不稳定。在MR和DECT系列图像上,5/5的读者对描绘骨折线的置信度分别为中等(2分)和高(3分)

方框图显示了评分者应用5点Likert评分(范围从1=不可接受到5=优秀),使用磁共振成像(MRI)和双能量计算机断层扫描(DECT)图像系列对急性脊椎骨折进行总体诊断的诊断置信度分数、图像质量和图像噪声。在总体诊断可信度(MRI平均分数,3.87;DECT平均分数,3.77;p=.15)、图像质量(MRI平均分数,3.85;DECT平均分数,3.74;p=.21)和图像噪音(MRI平均分数,3.73;DECT平均分数,3.66;p=.36)方面,DECT图像系列报告的分数与MRI相同,但没有显著差异。读者之间的一致性对两种磁共振成像都有好处(κ=0。7)在总体诊断可信度方面,n d D E C T(κ=0.77)(p<0.0 0 1),对磁共振成像好(κ=0.76),对数字正电子发射计算机断层扫描(κ=0.0)好。8 0)(p<0.0 0 1),对磁共振成像(κ=0.73)和数字计算机断层扫描(κ=0.0。7 3)(p=.35)关于图像噪声

一名71岁的男子在街上摔倒后出现脊柱损伤。最初进行的双能量计算机断层扫描(DECT)显示矢状位灰阶DECT序列显示L1上终板有明显的压缩骨折。这位患者在日常生活中没有进行进一步的后处理,如创建颜色编码的虚拟无钙(VNCa)重建。B、C组5天后行磁共振成像(MRI),矢状位TURBO反转恢复幅度(TIRM)-MR序列L1信号降低,矢状位T1加权自旋回波(ARROWS)信号增强。因此,骨折被认为是陈旧性的骨髓完全脂肪变性。3D VNCA图像(仅为本研究目的重建)显示L1(箭头)没有骨髓水肿(BME)的证据(分数,0;所有读者)。此外,VnCa图像上信号强度的降低(显示为紫色区域)表明L1(箭头)的骨髓脂肪变性。可以想象,在日常生活中对彩色编码的VNCA重建进行初始重建将有助于对陈旧性脊椎骨折的正确诊断

结果:在评估BME的存在和程度时,与MRI相比,DECT显示了高敏感性(分别为89%和84%)和特异性(均为98%),以及类似的高诊断可信度(2.30比2.32;范围0-3)用于检测BME (p =0.72)。在评估急性骨折线时,与DECT相比,MRI获得了高特异性(95%)、中等敏感性(76%)和显著较低的诊断可信度(2.42比2.62,范围0-3)(p <0 .001)。

结论:DECT和MRI对急性椎体骨折的诊断具有较高的可信度和图像质量。虽然DECT在分析BME的存在和范围方面获得了较高的总体诊断准确率,但MRI对评估骨折线的敏感性中等,置信度较低。

文献来源:Cavallaro M,  D'Angelo T,  Albrecht MH,Comprehensive comparison of dual-energy computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of bone marrow edema and fracture lines in acute vertebral fractures.Eur Radiol 2022 Jan;32(1)

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    2022-09-07 小华子
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    2022-09-07 dingxiaobo

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