ARHR:阿德福韦酯可增强HBV和HIV/HBV合并感染者的HBV特异性细胞免疫

2013-09-25 daerwen2008 dxy

研究要点: 1.在HIV / HBV合并感染的患者中,大部分调节性T细胞中表达程序性死亡受体1(PD-1),外周血中调节性T细胞的扩增水平与HBV病毒载量和HBV特异性CD8 + T细胞下降有关。 2.阿德福韦酯治疗可阻断PD-1受体的表达,清除PD-1+外周血中调节性T细胞的抑制效果,增强HBV特异性CD8+效应T细胞的免疫应答。 调节性T细胞(Treg细胞)可下调表位特异性细胞毒

研究要点:

1.在HIV / HBV合并感染的患者中,大部分调节性T细胞中表达程序性死亡受体1(PD-1),外周血中调节性T细胞的扩增水平与HBV病毒载量和HBV特异性CD8 + T细胞下降有关。

2.阿德福韦酯治疗可阻断PD-1受体的表达,清除PD-1+外周血中调节性T细胞的抑制效果,增强HBV特异性CD8+效应T细胞的免疫应答。
 
调节性T细胞(Treg细胞)可下调表位特异性细胞毒性T细胞的免疫学效应从而影响HBV清除,这可能是造成HBV在患者体内慢性持续存在的原因之一,但慢性乙肝(CHB)合并HIV感染患者中病毒持续存在的免疫学指标尚不明确。美国国立卫生研究院的Anita Kohli等人对此展开了一项研究,研究认为,在HIV/HBV合并感染的患者中,阿德福韦酯治疗可阻断PD-1受体表达,清除PD-1+外周血中Treg细胞的抑制效果,增强HBV特异性CD8+效应T细胞的免疫应答。该结果发表于2013年4月5日的AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES杂志上。

本研究为前瞻性、双盲、随机、安慰剂对照临床试验,旨在探索增强HIV+/ -的CHB患者HBV特异性免疫反应的方法,从而达到提高根除HBV能力的目的。研究主要分析了有/无HIV感染的HBeAg+CHB患者的HBV特异性免疫调节机制。每日给予HBV(HIV+/ - )感染患者10mg阿德福韦酯或安慰剂,为期48周。在多个时间点检测HBV病毒载量(VL)、免疫表型和功能。【原文下载
 
研究发现,大部分Treg细胞中表达PD-1受体,外周血中Treg细胞的扩增水平与HBV病毒载量和HBV特异性CD8 + T细胞下降有关。阻断PD-1受体可增加HBV特异性CD8 + T细胞的存活,清除PD-1+外周血中Treg细胞的抑制效果。而阿德福韦酯治疗可阻断该受体,提高细胞因子分泌HBV特异性CD8+ T细胞的免疫应答(P<0.05)。

该研究结果表明,在HIV/HBV合并感染的CHB患者中,阿德福韦酯治疗48周可抑制HBV病毒载量,减少外周血中Treg细胞的扩增。因此,阻断PD-1受体联合直接抗病毒药治疗可减少HIV/HBV合并感染的CHB患者终身服用直接作用抗病毒药物的需要。

研究背景:

慢性乙肝(CHB)是发生肝硬化和肝癌的主要原因之一,全球范围内约有3.5亿患者。由于具有共同的传播途径,约200-400万CHB患者合并HIV感染。与未感染HIV的患者相比,HIV合并HBV感染更易发展为慢性,HBsAg和HBeAg血清学转换率较低,HBV DNA水平更高,对抗病毒治疗反应较差。免疫调节药物及核苷类似物对HBV治疗反应差异研究表明,清除HBV和发展保护性免疫必不可少。

研究表明,CHB患者外周血Treg细胞比例较高,与未感染患者相比,HBeAg阴性CHB患者Treg细胞活性和HBV病毒载量呈正相关。Treg细胞表达CD4+、 CD24 +、 FOXP3 +,可有效抑制病毒特异性免疫反应和表达PD-1,当PD-1表达在CD4+、CD8+ 、NK细胞、单核细胞或B细胞中时,可进一步阻止免疫反应。

该研究结果表明,在HBV和HIV / HBV感染的CHB患者中,外周血Treg细胞的扩增与HBV DNA水平相关且抑制HBV特异性免疫反应。阿德福韦治疗可阻断PD-1受体,控制HBV复制与减少Treg细胞数量和功能,显著提高HBV特异性CD8+T效应细胞,从而增强免疫应答。虽然其机制尚未清楚,但此策略是CHB患者治疗的一种选择,特别是对HIV/HBV合并感染的患者,单独或联用其他免疫为基础的治疗霍克更有效扩增长寿命效应T细胞,减少CHB患者的终身诊疗需要。

原文下载

Sherman AC, Trehanpati N, Daucher M, Davey RT, Masur H, Sarin SK, Kottilil S, Kohli A.Augmentation of hepatitis B virus-specific cellular immunity with programmed death receptor-1/programmed death receptor-L1 blockade in hepatitis B virus and HIV/hepatitis B virus coinfected patients treated with adefovir.AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2013 Apr;29(4):665-72.

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    2014-08-01 klivis
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