JPD:下丘脑核团的结构连接改变,和冻结步态的息息相关

2022-05-23 Freemann MedSci原创

STN-DBS可以通过调节与前额叶和运动皮层结构相连的特定通路来减轻FOG的严重程度

步态障碍如步态冻结(FOG)是帕金森病(PD)患者的高致残性症状,影响生活质量、发病率和独立性。FOG患者尽管有意行走,但会突然出现无效的步态,通常被认为是 "粘在地上"。


图1: 论文封面图


当FOG发生在OFF状态时,但可以通过多巴胺能药物治疗得到缓解,这被称为 "左旋多巴反应性冻结 "或 "OFF冻结",而 "左旋多巴无反应性冻结 "对多巴胺能药物治疗的变化无动于衷,甚至可以通过药物治疗恶化为 "ON冻结"。

虽然丘脑下核(STN)的深部脑刺激(DBS)是治疗严重PD运动症状的既定方法,但其对步态困难和FOG的影响一直被讨论得很有争议。此外,皮层刺激方案,如重复经颅磁刺激多个目标,已被引入治疗PD的FOG。 不同的潜在解剖学目标的存在表明,更广泛的网络参与了FOG的治疗,这与目前关于其病理的网络模型是一致的。值得注意的是,FOG通常被理解为一种复杂的综合征,超越了纯粹的运动角度。

相反,一系列的成像研究表明,至少在一些患者的认知甚至边缘回路可能在FOG的出现中进一步发挥关键作用。这种多网络的观点与现象学观察相吻合,即FOG的触发因素可以分为运动(如转弯)、认知(如多任务)或边缘触发(如焦虑)。

因此,FOG被认为是由运动、认知或边缘输入到中脑运动区的信号失调导致的,干扰了步态期间的自动运动。这种多网络的观点表明,平均而言,FOG可能通过调节运动、认知和潜在的边缘通路来改善。

藉此,德国科隆大学的Daniel H. Lencha等人,假设STN-DBS通过调节基底神经节内的特定回路来缓解FOG,反映了运动、认知和边缘功能。其次,假设与间脑运动区的结构连接也是这个有益网络的一部分。

他们探究了47名PD和术前FOG的患者。主要使用步态冻结问卷(FOG-Q)来评估冻结的发生率和严重程度。在18名患者的子集中,评估了标准化步行过程中的诱发FOG。通过使用一个公开的基底神经节通路模型,他们确定了与术后FOG变化有关的刺激依赖性连接。使用疾病特异性规范连接组,对先验定义的间脑区域进行了兴趣区域分析。

 


图2:论文结果图


他们发现:术后6个月步态冻结明显改善,标志是冻结发作的频率和持续时间减少。

改善FOG的最佳刺激量在结构上与运动区、前额叶皮层和球状体相连

这种连通性特征在留置交叉验证中是强有力的。

在皮层下,对穿越小脑幕核和黑质的纤维的刺激与术后改善有关。

该研究的重要意义在于发现了: STN-DBS可以通过调节与前额叶和运动皮层结构相连的特定通路来减轻FOG的严重程度。更加分化的FOG评估可能允许在未来区分特定FOG亚型的通路。


原文出处:
Strelow JN, Baldermann JC, Dembek TA, et al. Structural Connectivity of Subthalamic Nucleus Stimulation for Improving Freezing of Gait. _JPD_. Published online April 11, 2022:1-17. doi:[10.3233/JPD-212997](https://doi.org/10.3233/JPD-212997)

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    2022-11-15 xxxx1061
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    2022-05-24 xlwang2696
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    2022-05-24 xlwang2696

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构建北京地区PD相关认知域评估量表的划界分常模并进行最佳划界值的筛选,为国内临床医生诊断PD-MCI提供可靠的评估标准。

IVD前沿丨帕金森病(PD)早期诊断新型生物标志物

这些结果强调了血浆中含有miR-44438的EV作为α-突触核蛋白病早期检测和进展监测的生物标志物的潜力。

帕金森病获治疗重大突破!每周一次,长效微球制剂「罗替高汀微球」在华落地!

注射用罗替高汀微球是全球首个治疗帕金森病的长效缓释微球制剂,也是目前更符合“持续多巴胺能刺激(CDS)”理念的周制剂。

Nature Genetics:揭示帕金森病的幕后推手:RAB32基因新变异的发现

这项研究也证明了家族性病例的采集和大量对照组结合使用在识别低频变异中的有效性,这对于PD以及其他复杂疾病的遗传研究具有重要意义。

好文推荐 | 中国人群帕金森病轻度认知障碍综合认知域评估量表的筛选及诊断效度分析

使用推荐的临界值后可以更好将PD-MCI进行亚型分析,便于临床观察各亚型PD-MCI转归及临床特异性,具有一定临床意义。

走路越来越慢,害怕跌倒是脑梗?帕金森?帕金森综合征?还是帕金森叠加综合征?

帕金森综合征是由于中脑部发生病变,正常情况下,黑质神经元的神经细胞产生多巴胺,从而对大脑的运动功能进行调节。如果黑质神经元的神经细胞受到了破坏,无法产生多巴胺,那么就会导致帕金森综合征的出现。

2024 NICE 诊断指南:帕金森病远程监测设备 [DG51]

英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所(NICE,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) · 2024-01-25

2023 NICE 技术鉴定指南:左旋多巴/卡比多巴组合治疗伴有运动症状的晚期帕金森病[TA934]

英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所(NICE,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) · 2023-11-29

帕金森病患者睡眠障碍评估与护理干预的最佳证据总结

浙江中医药大学护理学院 · 2023-08-10