Cancer Cell:癌症研究大牛Weinberg教授解析癌症转移

2013-10-18 佚名 生物通

Robert A.Weinberg身上笼罩着一道道绚丽的光环:美国科学院院士,世界着名的Whitehead研究所创始人之一,他曾发现了第一个人类癌基因Ras和第一个抑癌基因Rb,他的一系列杰出研究工作已经成为肿瘤研究领域乃至整个医学生物学领域的重要里程碑。 这位学者在Cell上先后发表的两篇综述:“The Hallmarks of Cancer”,和“Hallmark

Robert A.Weinberg身上笼罩着一道道绚丽的光环:美国科学院院士,世界着名的Whitehead研究所创始人之一,他曾发现了第一个人类癌基因Ras和第一个抑癌基因Rb,他的一系列杰出研究工作已经成为肿瘤研究领域乃至整个医学生物学领域的重要里程碑。

这位学者在Cell上先后发表的两篇综述:“The Hallmarks of Cancer”,和“Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation”,均被作为肿瘤学研究的经典论文,长期上榜Cell最受关注的文章,也是被引用次数最多的肿瘤学论文之一。

近期Weinberg教授发表了题为“An Integrin-Linked Machinery of Cytoskeletal Regulation that Enables Experimental Tumor Initiation and Metastatic Colonization”的文章,介绍了一种癌症转移形成新机械作用机制,解释了上皮-间质转化(EMT)过程如何能令癌细胞具有肿瘤发生的能力。

整合素是一类重要的细胞表面受体,能通过识别胞外基质蛋白介导细胞与细胞外基质、细胞与细胞间的粘附反应并接受、传导级联信号以及调节细胞的存活、运动、增殖等生物学过程,因此在胚胎发育、肿瘤发生和侵袭转移、炎症、伤口愈合等过程中起了重要的作用。

研究表明,新发转移性癌细胞为了延长含整合素β1 FLPs,利用Rif/mDia2 actin-nucleating复合体机器进行调控,前者能帮助癌细胞与周围细胞外基质有效的相互作用,这个过程调控了这些癌细胞的最初增殖过程。

在这篇文章中,研究人员发现了能调控FLP整个发生过程的信号途径,其中涉及整合素连接激酶( ILK ),β-parvin,两种整合素:肌动蛋白桥蛋白(阻断切丝蛋白介导的肌动蛋白丝断裂)。

更重要的是,Rif/mDia2和ILK/β -parvin/cofilin途径之间的相互作用,不仅对于转移生长至关重要,而且也有助于荷瘤实验后原发肿瘤的形成。

这些研究成果揭示了一种新机械作用机制,解释了上皮-间质转化(EMT)过程如何能令癌细胞具有肿瘤发生的能力——因为它能通过ILK/ β-parvin/cofilin通路活性,促进FLP形成。

此前Weinberg教授提出的肿瘤细胞十大新特征分别为:自给自足生长信号(Self-Sufficiency in Growth Signals);抗生长信号的不敏感(Insensitivity to Antigrowth Signals);抵抗细胞死亡(Resisting Cell Death);潜力无限的复制能力(Limitless Replicative Potential);持续的血管生成(Sustained Angiogenesis);组织浸润和转移(Tissue Invasion and Metastasis);避免免疫摧毁(Avoiding Immune Destruction);促进肿瘤的炎症(Tumor Promotion Inflammation); 细胞能量异常(Deregulating Cellular Energetics);基因组不稳定和突变(Genome Instability and Mutation)。

原文检索:

Tsukasa Shibue, Mary W. Brooks, Robert A. Weinberg.An Integrin-Linked Machinery of Cytoskeletal Regulation that Enables Experimental Tumor Initiation and Metastatic Colonization.Cancer Cell,14 October 2013.

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    2014-03-23 维他命
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    2014-04-21 hongbochen
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