Circulation:科学家发现靶向肺动脉高压病人的血管外膜成纤维细胞的代谢和增殖状态的信号通路轴

2017-12-22 MedSci MedSci原创

本研究结果使我们对肺动脉高压状态下血管细胞代谢有一个完整的了解,而且也为我们提供了靶向间充质炎症细胞中的动态糖酵解和有氧呼吸间相互作用的治疗策略。

背景:新的肺动脉高压代谢理论认为细胞和线粒体有氧代谢功能紊乱是这种疾病的病理学基础。研究者之前就已经发现来源于人和牛的肺动脉高压血管壁中动脉外膜成纤维细胞(PH-Fibs)高度增生、抗凋亡和诱导炎症发生,并且它在肺动脉高压发病过程中持续的调整糖酵解和有氧代谢的构成。而糖酵解所占总代谢比率较三羧酸循环一直升高。然而PH-Fibs出现这样的代谢改变的原因仍不清楚。科学家们假设miR-124可以通过调控PTBP1(polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1)的表达来调控PKM1和PKM2的剪接体的表达,而这会导致PKM2/PKM1的比例上升,而这种改变会使细胞即使处于有氧环境中也进行糖酵解以及细胞增生。

方法:肺动脉血管壁成纤维细胞分离于患有肺动脉高压的患者和牛体内,称为PH-Fib,而分离于正常的人和牛体内的肺动脉血管壁成纤维细胞,称为CO-Fibs。利用PTBP1-siRNA敲降细胞内的PTBP1基因。利用模拟miR-124表达恢复miR-124。TEPP-46和Shikonin用来检测PKM2的糖酵解功能。HDACi用来处理细胞。用基于质谱的代谢组学分析技术检测代谢产物,共聚焦显微镜和荧光光度分析法测定线粒体的功能。

结果:研究者检测到PH-Fibs较CO-Fibs中PKM2/PKM1比例显著升高。抑制PKM2能够逆转PH-Fibs以糖酵解为主要供能状态的情况,同时降低细胞的增殖以及延缓巨噬细胞IL-1β的表达。另外,过表达miR-124或敲低PTBP1能够恢复PKM2/PKM1的比例,同时也能逆转糖酵解表型(降低糖酵解的中间产物以及副产物的产生,例如:乳酸),同时也能挽救线粒体的重编程过程以及降低细胞的增殖率。使用TEPP-46和Shikonin调控PKM2的活性,或者应用组蛋白去乙酰化抑制剂也能产生相同的表型。

结论:肺动脉高压的疾病状态下,miR-124通过改变剪接因子PTBP1,调控PKM2/PKM1的比率,从而改变细胞的代谢、增殖和炎症状态。而这些肺动脉高压的表型可以通过干预代谢级联反应中的多个步骤而逆转。这项研究结果使我们对肺动脉高压状态下血管细胞代谢有一个完整的了解,而且也为我们提供了靶向间充质炎症细胞中的动态糖酵解和有氧呼吸间相互作用的治疗策略。

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    2017-12-22 明天jing

    肺动脉高压表面是罕见病,事实上临床上并不少见,治疗药物虽然有一些,但是整体仍然不理解,可能未来需要采用综合治疗措施。

    0

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