Cancer:丙型肝炎病毒感染和肝细胞癌患者持续病毒学应答与临床预后的关系

2022-08-30 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

丙肝病毒治疗可预防纤维化进展,降低HCC风险,并可改善肝硬化患者的结局。

背景:慢性丙型肝炎(HCV)仍然是全球慢性肝病和肝细胞癌(HCC)的主要原因,在美国每年造成近20000人死亡。慢性HCV感染会导致进行性纤维化,从而导致肝硬化及其相关并发症。尽管建议对丙肝病毒进行普遍筛查,并提供高效的直接作用抗病毒药物(DAAs)来治疗丙肝病毒,但仍有大量未经治疗的丙肝病毒患者患有肝硬化和肝癌。丙肝病毒治疗可预防纤维化进展,降低HCC风险,并可改善肝硬化患者的结局。 DAA疗法已被证明非常有效,治愈率接近普遍水平。 即使在有HCC病史的患者中,我们之前已经表明,完全HCC缓解后的DAA治疗与HCC复发风险增加无关,事实上与通过持续病毒学应答(SVR)介导的总生存率提高有关。

然而,DAA疗法对活动性HCC患者的益处仍不清楚,且关于治疗的实践模式差异很大。之前评估活动性HCC患者HCV治疗益处的分析主要集中在接受手术治疗的早期患者,很少有关于中期或晚期患者的数据。这些晚期患者具有相当大的HCC死亡风险,是否需要治疗HCV尚不清楚。此外,随着对晚期HCC更有效的系统性疗法的批准,患者在诊断为HCC时是否受益于HCV治疗的问题日益突出,特别是在HCC死亡风险高的患者中。此外,肝功能恶化是缺乏系统性或局部HCC疗法治疗资格的主要原因。

目的:我们旨在比较接受非手术治疗的HCC患者中SVR和肝失代偿以及总生存率之间的关系。

方法:作者进行了一项多中心、回顾性队列研究,包括2014年至2018年间连续诊断患有HCV肝硬化和未经治疗的HCC的成年人。患者被分为两组:活动性病毒血症(n = 431)和HCC诊断前的SVR(n = 135)。所有患者接受非手术治疗作为初始治疗,并随访至肝移植、最后随访或死亡。主要转归是6个月内肝功能失代偿事件或恶化,次要转归是总生存期。所有分析都使用治疗权重的逆概率(IPTW)来解释非随机队列之间的差异。

结果:与病毒血症患者相比,SVR后患者发生肝功能失代偿的几率显著降低(比值比[OR],0.18;95%可信区间[CI],0.06–0.59)。Child Pugh A肝硬化患者亚组之间的结果一致(OR,0.22;95%可信区间为0.04–0.77),HCC巴塞罗纳临床肝癌B/C期(优势比为0.20;95%可信区间,0.04–0.65),以及接受非清除性HCC疗法的患者(OR,0.21;95%可信区间为0.07–0.67)。然而,在IPTW多变量Cox回归分析中,SVR与生存率提高无关(风险比,0.79;95%可信区间为0.56–1.12)。

表1.IPTW治疗前后确诊为肝癌患者的基线特征

图1治疗加权队列逆概率的失代偿时间卡普兰-迈耶曲线。

图2治疗加权队列的逆概率总生存率的Kaplan-Meier曲线。

图3.森林图(A)肝脏失代偿和(B)亚组中的总存活率分析:Child-Turcotte-Pugh A期肝硬变患者、巴塞罗那临床肝癌B/C期肝细胞癌患者和接受非消融性肝细胞癌治疗的患者。

结论:与病毒血症患者相比,HCV相关HCC和SVR患者发生肝功能失代偿的可能性较低,提示接受非手术治疗的HCC患者可能受益于DAA治疗。

 

原文出处:

Parikh ND,  Mehta N,  Hoteit MA, et al.Association between sustained virological response and clinical outcomes in patients with hepatitis C infection and hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer 2022 Jul 07

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    2023-02-03 xjy02
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    2022-08-31 周虎

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