ISRD & ATS 2016:胡成平教授谈液体活检及血液检测在肺癌精准诊疗中的应用

2016-10-17 MedSci MedSci原创

2016 年10月14日~16日,由中国健康促进基金会、上海市呼吸病研究所、国际呼吸学会等主办,美国胸科协会(ATS)和复旦大学呼吸病研究所等协办,上海梅斯医学承办的“第十二届上海国际呼吸学会暨ATS联合论坛”(ISRD & ATS 2016)在上海展览中心隆重举行。15日下午,中南大学湘雅医院呼吸与危重症科、中南大学湘雅医院肺癌诊疗中心胡成平教授作了题为“液体活检及血液检测在肺癌精准诊疗

2016 年10月14日~16日,由中国健康促进基金会、上海市呼吸病研究所、国际呼吸学会等主办,美国胸科协会(ATS)和复旦大学呼吸病研究所等协办,上海梅斯医学承办的“第十二届上海国际呼吸学会暨ATS联合论坛”(ISRD & ATS 2016)在上海展览中心隆重举行。15日下午,中南大学湘雅医院呼吸与危重症科、中南大学湘雅医院肺癌诊疗中心胡成平教授作了题为“液体活检及血液检测在肺癌精准诊疗中的应用”精彩演讲。梅斯小编对胡成平教授的精彩报告进行整理,与大家分享。


 
中南大学湘雅医院呼吸与危重症科 中南大学湘雅医院肺癌诊疗中心 国家临床重点专科 国家呼吸疾病临床医学研究中心 胡成平教授

胡成平教授介绍说,全球液体活检途径有以下四种
(1)CtDNA:由肿瘤细胞释放到血液的循环DNA
(2)AutoAntibody:由肿瘤免疫监视产生肿瘤免疫自身抗体
(3)CTC:从实体瘤中脱离出来并进入血液的循环肿瘤细胞
(4)Exosome:肿瘤细胞脱落的囊泡,携带肿瘤RNA、DNA与蛋白等信息。
 
什么是CTC?
CTC是在肿瘤发生过程中,具有干细胞特征的肿瘤细胞和不具有干细胞特征的肿瘤细胞,均有原发肿瘤脱离释放入外周血,两者统称循环肿瘤细胞(Circulating Tumor Cell,CTC)。

CTC=转移吗?
侵入第二器官CTCs称之为DTC(disseminated Tumor Cell)。只有由具有干细胞特征的DTC所形成的微转移灶才可能发展成为肿瘤远处转移。

肺癌领域CTC检测技术对比
 

FR-CTC、NSE、CEA、CA125、Cyfra21-1、SCC-Ag对NSCLC和早期NSCLC患者的诊断效率

  
液体活检及血液检测的临床意义(CTC、CtDNA)
FR靶向PCR CTC检测,诊断肺癌的敏感性提高3倍。肺癌化疗一个周期后,CTC水平的下降可预测PFS。15名非小细胞肺癌患者放疗前外周血中CTCs平均值为62.7个/mL血液,放疗过程中降至平均9.4个/mL血液,放疗后降至0.6个/mL血液。因此,外周血CTCs计数值对肺癌疗效的评估有一定的帮助。

ctDNA丰度可反映肿瘤负荷,突变谱动态变化反映实时肿瘤负荷大小,基于NGS的ctDNA动态监测可实现定性与定量结合,提出早于影像学进行疗效评价的可能。接受EGFR TKI治疗的NSCLC病人,ctDNA中检测出T790M突变的中位时间早于临床PD2.2个月。
 
最后,胡成平教授总结道:目前,液态活检以CTC与ctDNA为主。在肺癌领域,CTC检测方法的敏感度至关重要。CTC与ctDNA可能具有不同的应用价值,CTC检测用于辅助诊断和疗效评估,ctDNA检测则用于分子诊断和靶向药物耐药监测。

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    2017-06-23 skhzy
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    2016-10-19 smlt2008
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