NATURE:人呼吸道细胞具有过敏性炎症记忆

2020-12-22 向日葵医学社 MedSci原创

导语:上皮干细胞可能通过作为过敏记忆的储存库而促成人类疾病的持续存在。

导语:上皮干细胞可能通过作为过敏记忆的储存库而促成人类疾病的持续存在。

来源:梅斯医学

  屏障组织功能障碍是慢性人类炎症性疾病的基本特征。上皮细胞的特殊子集,包括分泌细胞和纤毛细胞,从基底干细胞分化而来,可以共同保护上呼吸道。

 

  过敏性炎症可由上呼吸道中2型免疫的持续激活而发展,导致慢性鼻-鼻窦炎,其表型从鼻炎到严重的鼻息肉不等。基底细胞增生是严重疾病的标志,但至今为止,我们尚不清楚这些祖细胞如何促成人类的临床表现和屏障组织功能的障碍。

 

  最近,来自MIT的研究人员分析了使用Seq-Well进行大规模平行单细胞RNA测序的跨越疾病谱的原发性人类手术慢性鼻-鼻窦炎样本(18,036个细胞,n = 12),报告了人类呼吸道上皮细胞,免疫和基质细胞类型的转录组,以及来自2型炎症性疾病的子集,并找出关键介导因子。

 

  与鼻刮(18,704个细胞,n = 9)相比,研究人员定义了核心,健康,发炎和息肉分泌细胞的特征。研究人员揭示了非息肉和息肉细胞生态系统的上皮区室之间的显着差异,识别和验证以基底细胞增生为特征的息肉的细胞多样性的全局减少,伴随着腺细胞的减少和分泌细胞抗微生物表达的表型变化。

 

  研究人员在息肉中检测到异常的基底祖细胞分化轨迹,并揭示将息肉基底细胞锁定在这种未定型状态的细胞内源性因子,表观遗传因子,和外在因子。

 

  最后,研究人员在功能上证明离体培养的基底细胞保留IL-4 / IL-13暴露的内在记忆,并测试临床阻断IL-4受体α-亚基以改变体内基础和分泌细胞状态的可能性。

 

  总体而言,研究人员发现,由基底细胞功能性转变引起的上皮多样性减少是2型免疫介导的屏障组织功能障碍的关键特征。

 

  因此,该研究结果表明,上皮干细胞可能通过作为过敏记忆的储存库而促成人类疾病的持续存在。

 

原始出处:

Ordovas-Montanes J et al. Allergic inflammatory memory in human respiratory epithelial progenitor cells. NATURE 2018, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0449-8

 

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    2021-08-19 liye789132251
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    2020-12-24 zhmscau
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