Circulation：健康饮食或可代替药物降低个体心脏病发作的风险

2012年12月5日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日，刊登在国际杂志Circulation上的一篇研究报告中，来自麦克马斯特大学的研究者揭示了，富含水果、蔬菜及鱼类的健康饮食可以明显降低心血管疾病个体发生二次心脏病发作及中风的风险。

该项研究对来自40个国家将近32，000名平均年龄为66.5岁的个体进行了相关研究，这些个体都维持着自身的健康饮食，结果显示，其患心血管死亡的风险降低了35%；心脏病发作比例降低了14%；充血性心力衰竭降低了28%；中风风险降低了19%。

每年都会有至少2000万人在心脏病发作或中风中幸存，药物疗法，如服用阿司匹林，可以明显降低其心脏病再次发作风险，研究者是首次揭示了高质量的健康饮食可以明显降低心脏病再次发作的风险。

这项研究中，研究者通过收集男女性参与者的信息数据，评估了高质量健康饮食和心血管疾病之间的关联，研究者发现，健康的饮食可以提供一种持续性的健康效应，这种效应比服用药物要高很多，可以降低个体心脏病发作及中风的风险。

这项研究首次报道了，个体的健康饮食对于心血管疾病的保护效应，研究者Dehghan说，医生们应当给予高风险患者一些建议，建议他们改善饮食，吃更多蔬菜、水果以及鱼类，健康的饮食将会有效且明显改善其心血管疾病再次发作的风险。相关研究由制药公司勃林格殷格翰(Boehringer Ingelheim)提供资助

与心脏病相关的拓展阅读：

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Relationship between healthy diet and risk of cardiovascular disease among patients on drug therapies for secondary prevention: a prospective cohort study of 31 546 high-risk individuals from 40 countries.
BACKGROUND
Diet quality is strongly related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence, but little is known about its impact on CVD events in older people at high risk of CVD and receiving effective drugs for secondary prevention. This study assessed the association between diet quality and CVD events in a large population of subjects from 40 countries with CVD or diabetes mellitus with end-organ damage receiving proven medications.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Overall, 31 546 women and men 66.5±6.2 years of age enrolled in 2 randomized trials, the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination With Ramipril Global End Point Trial (ONTARGET) and the Telmisartan Randomized Assessment Study in ACEI Intolerant Subjects With Cardiovascular Disease (TRANSCEND), were studied. We used 2 dietary indexes: the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index and the Diet Risk Score. The association between diet quality and the primary composite outcome of CV death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or congestive heart failure was assessed with Cox proportional hazard regression with adjustment for age, sex, trial enrollment allocation, region, and other known confounders. During the 56-month follow-up, there were 5190 events. Patients in the healthier quintiles of modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index scores had a significantly lower risk of CVD (hazard ratio, 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.71-0.87, top versus lowest quintile of modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index). The reductions in risk for CV death, myocardial infarction, and stroke were 35%, 14%, and 19%, respectively. The protective association was consistent regardless of whether patients were receiving proven drugs.
CONCLUSIONS
A higher-quality diet was associated with a lower risk of recurrent CVD events among people ≥55 years of age with CVD or diabetes mellitus. Highlighting the importance of healthy eating by health professionals would substantially reduce CVD recurrence and save lives globally.