PNAS:cGAS蛋白对于放化疗引起的细胞衰老至关重要

2017-05-24 MedSci MedSci原创

当DNA发生损伤后,会导致损伤的DNA在含有cGAS的细胞质中大量的非正常的积累,从而激活促炎因子的产生以及导致下游的细胞衰老。在肺腺癌患者中,cGAS蛋白的低表达与更差的生存率差相关。这些结果表明,cGAS介导的细胞衰老以及抑制细胞的不停增殖(永生化),与cGAS自身激活抗肿瘤的免疫反应,是相互互补的。

细胞衰老(cellular senescence)是抑制细胞够分生长转化为肿瘤发生的天然屏障,并且有助于多种抗肿瘤疗法的作用,比如放疗和化学治疗药物都引起细胞衰老从而抑制细胞生长。细胞衰老在机体衰老,组织纤维化和组织修复中也起重要作用。 DNA的损伤所引起的后续反应是导致细胞衰老的关键事件,其特征在于因为细胞衰老引起炎症因子的表达和分泌。

在最新上线的PNAS杂志上,Hui Yang及其同事报导,缺失cGAS蛋白(一种识别细胞质中受损DNA而激活先天免疫的传感器),对于细胞衰老至关重要。

研究人员发现在cGAS蛋白缺失后,会加速小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞的自发性永生化(immortalization)。 cGAS缺失还消除了因为放疗和化疗(包括辐射化疗和依托泊苷(etoposide))导致的DNA损伤所诱导产生的促炎细胞因子。 

研究人员还发现,在正常情况下,在未分裂的细胞中cGAS位于细胞质中,但当细胞进入有丝分裂期间时,cGAS进入细胞核并与增殖细胞中的染色质DNA结合。 但是,当DNA发生损伤后,会导致损伤的DNA在含有cGAS的细胞质中大量的非正常的积累,从而激活促炎因子的产生以及导致下游的细胞衰老。在肺腺癌患者中,cGAS蛋白的低表达与更差的生存率差相关。这些结果表明,cGAS介导的细胞衰老以及抑制细胞的不停增殖(永生化),与cGAS自身激活抗肿瘤的免疫反应,是相互互补的。

原始出处:
Hui Yang et al. cGAS is essential for cellular senescence. PNAS May 22, 2017, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1705499114

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    2018-03-26 drwjr
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    2017-06-06 许安
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    2017-05-26 yzh399
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