Plos One:中老年人牛奶消费与低心血管疾病有关

2014-11-07 MedSci译 MedSci原创

众所周知,牛奶是极好的营养品。不过,一些患有高血压、冠心病、动脉硬化、高血脂等心血管疾病的中老年人,对于喝牛奶存在着疑虑,认为牛奶中含有脂肪和胆固醇,喝了会使人体胆固醇增高,对身体健康不利。于是有少数老年人不敢喝牛奶了。 牛奶中虽含有一定量的胆固醇,但同时也含有能降低胆固醇的乳清酸和耐热的低分子化合物,这两种物质均有抑制人体肝脏合成胆固醇的功能。并且,牛奶中的钙具 有减少人体吸收食物中胆固醇的

众所周知,牛奶是极好的营养品。不过,一些患有高血压、冠心病、动脉硬化、高血脂等心血管疾病的中老年人,对于喝牛奶存在着疑虑,认为牛奶中含有脂肪和胆固醇,喝了会使人体胆固醇增高,对身体健康不利。于是有少数老年人不敢喝牛奶了。

牛奶中虽含有一定量的胆固醇,但同时也含有能降低胆固醇的乳清酸和耐热的低分子化合物,这两种物质均有抑制人体肝脏合成胆固醇的功能。并且,牛奶中的钙具有减少人体吸收食物中胆固醇的作用。牛奶中的一些氨基酸还具有保持血管弹性、防止血管硬化的能力。这种综合作用能使人体血中总胆固配含量降低,大大超过了牛奶本身所带人体内的胆固醇量。

早前便有研究人员发现,1天饮用超过50毫升不到一品脱的牛奶- - 会减少至少五分之一心脏病发作和中风的痛苦的机会。但鲜有来自中国人群的数据。近期在Plos One 上报道的一项来自中国广州大型样本库的数据显示,对于中国老年人,牛奶消费也一样降低心血管疾病,结果与西方人群一致。

这项研究选择了从来不喝全脂牛奶(Whole cow's milk )中老年人(n=14892),一周喝1-3次牛奶(n=2689),以及一周喝三次以上牛奶人群(n=2754),人群均大于50岁,比较它们的心血管疾病发生情况。

结果表明,在校正年龄,性别,研究阶段,社会经济地位,生活方式(吸烟,饮酒与锻炼),脂肪沉积量以后,发现牛奶消费量与收缩压呈现相关,每周3次以上中老年人收缩压比不喝牛奶人群要低2.56 mmHg (95%CI:−3.63 to −1.49),舒张压要低1.32 mmHg(95% CI −1.87 to −0.77),甘油三酯低0.06 mmol/L( 95% CI −0.11 to −0.002)。与HDL-C正相关,在升高0.02 mmol/L,(95% CI 0.01 to 0.04),空腹血糖升高0.08 mmol/L, (95% CI 0.01 to 0.16)。但是与LDL-C和糖尿病的发生关系不大。

这项研究表明,全脂牛奶的消费与心血管疾病风险有一定关系,高水平的牛奶消费与低心血管事件关系较大。

这项研究结果确实与国外的结果相呼应,也同样认为,定期饮用牛奶可以降低中风和缺血性心脏病的发病危险。南威尔士的45岁至59岁男性进行了调查。结果发现中等量或者大量饮牛奶的男性,缺血性中风或者缺血性心脏病的发病危险明显低于少量饮牛奶的男性。

相似的结果也在日本一项队列中观察到,认为在男性中,一月1-2次喝牛奶即能降低患者的全因死亡,但在女性中则要一周喝3-4次以上,才发现降低全因死亡的风险。

原始出处:
Sun Y, Jiang C, Cheng KK, Zhang W, Leung GM, Lam TH, Schooling CM.Milk consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in older Chinese: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.PLoS One. 2014 Jan 8;9(1):e84813.

Wang C, Yatsuya H, Tamakoshi K, Iso H, Tamakoshi A.Milk Drinking and Mortality: Findings From the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.J Epidemiol. 2014 Oct 18.


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    2014-11-09 loption

    恩!有道理

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1771297, encodeId=98ea1e712973d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9ced223904c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#中老年人#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=22390, encryptionId=9ced223904c, topicName=中老年人)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=71df38244151, createdName=gjsgj, createdTime=Fri Feb 27 08:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1923751, encodeId=2b791923e5194, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=56a522389f9' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#中老年#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=22389, encryptionId=56a522389f9, topicName=中老年)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ca6a2500099, createdName=more is better!, createdTime=Mon Oct 12 07:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1789629, encodeId=fa531e896297f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e4814388e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Plos one#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14388, encryptionId=6e4814388e2, topicName=Plos one)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fda6311, createdName=119337457, createdTime=Thu Jun 11 19:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1497848, encodeId=0a41149e84843, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bb6f89e145a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#血管疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=89714, encryptionId=bb6f89e145a, topicName=血管疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ccb99370406, createdName=andy2090, createdTime=Sun Nov 09 14:51:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=12451, encodeId=f93212451ec, content=恩!有道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=135, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=67231605550, createdName=loption, createdTime=Sun Nov 09 07:40:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=12438, encodeId=54ed124383c, content=medsci网站提供的信息就是不一样,太专业了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=dingding, createdTime=Sat Nov 08 00:06:00 CST 2014, time=2014-11-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-11-08 dingding

    medsci网站提供的信息就是不一样,太专业了

    0

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