CGH:经皮电刺激可以改善直肠感觉缺失患者的便秘症状

2022-04-08 xuyihan MedSci原创

慢性便秘表现为排便次数减少、粪便干硬和(或)排便困难。患者每周排便少于3次,排便费力、排出困难或有排便不尽感,病程至少6个月。

慢性便秘(CC)是一种常见的疾病,全球的患病率从0.7%到79%不等,在60岁以上的普通人群中患病率为33.5%。慢性便秘主要有以下几个症状,包括过度用力、大便变硬以及肛门直肠梗阻和排便不畅的感觉。便秘的传统治疗方法包括纤维素、泻药和催吐剂。然而,有相当数量的便秘患者对这些常规的和新型治疗方法都是无效的。因此,开发新的、有效的治疗便秘的方法是非常重要的。排便是一个复杂而协调的过程,涉及各种因素,包括结肠收缩、直肠感觉和肛门括约肌放松。直肠感觉降低或直肠感觉减退被认为是功能性便秘的一个主要病理生理特征。

最近,神经调控作为一种新的治疗便秘的方法被发明出来,但成功率有限。在以前的初步研究中,研究人员发现经皮的胫骨后神经和腿部ST36穴位的经皮神经调控改善了直肠感觉,降低了引起直肠肛门抑制性反射的阈值量从而改善排便症状。因此,本项研究旨在探讨经皮电针(TEA)ST36穴位对便秘和直肠感觉减退患者的便秘和直肠感觉以及自主神经功能的影响。

 

研究人员为了完成本项试验,共招募了53名接受ST36穴位电刺激或假手术点接受 TEA 治疗的便秘患者,在实施干预措施后对这部分患者进行了肛门直肠动力和感觉测试。同时研究人员还在一项慢性研究中,对另外18名患者进行了接受了 2 周的 TEA 或假 TEA治疗观察便秘改善情况。

 

研究结果显示:(1)慢性TEA增加了自发性排便(3.72/周vs. 2.00/周,P<0.0001),与假TEA相比,接受TEA治疗的患者便秘症状明显减轻,生活质量提高(P<0.05)。(2)急性TEA降低了对排便急促直肠扩张的感觉阈值和最大耐受量( P<0.05);慢性TEA降低了第一感觉和排便欲望的感觉阈值,并降低了阈值体积以引起直肠肛门抑制反射(P<0.05)。(3)急性和慢性TEA均增加副交感神经活性( P<0.05)。

图:针灸部位示意图及结果

本项研究证实通过经皮电刺激ST36穴位的 TEA治疗可以通过增强直肠感觉来改善慢性便秘,这可能是通过激活功能性便秘患者的副交感神经活动介导的。

原始出处:

Xiao, Ye . et al. Transcutaneous Electrical Acustimulation Improves Constipation by Enhancing Rectal Sensation in Patients with Functional Constipation and Lack of Rectal Sensation. Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology.2022.

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    2022-07-10 chendoc242
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    2022-10-11 循证小兵

    #经皮电刺激#可以改善直肠感觉缺失患者的#便秘#症状

    0

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    2022-04-09 赛华佗
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