AHA 2015:提高女性对心血管疾病风险认知度,可有效降低患病率!

2015-11-09 chenshuo 译 MedSci原创

根据2015年美国心脏协会科学会议上的一项研究结果表明,女性缺乏对心脏疾病的认知是导致患心脏疾病风险率增高的重要因素。目前,据不完全统计,美国妇女最常见的死亡原因是死于心脏病或中风。每年的死亡人群中几乎有1/3的妇女由心脏病发作或中风造成的死亡。虽然在过去的25年里,男性因心脏病和中风的死亡率已经下降了,但女性的死亡率却居高不下。据统计,美国每年死于心脏疾病的女性患者中,有64%的人在病发之前并没

根据2015年美国心脏协会科学会议上的一项研究结果表明,女性缺乏对心脏疾病的认知是导致患心脏疾病风险率增高的重要因素。


目前,据不完全统计,美国妇女最常见的死亡原因是死于心脏病或中风。每年的死亡人群中几乎有1/3的妇女由心脏病发作或中风造成的死亡。


虽然在过去的25年里,男性因心脏病和中风的死亡率已经下降了,但女性的死亡率却居高不下。
据统计,美国每年死于心脏疾病的女性患者中,有64%的人在病发之前并没有任何的征兆。而当周边的人因心脏疾病死亡时,有25%的女性会密切关注自己是否也有患上心脏病的风险,19%的女性会选择去咨询医生相关心脏疾病的知识,剩下大部分的女性则自我感觉良好,认为自己不会患有心脏疾病。

为了研究女性对心脏疾病的风险认知对死亡率是否有影响,最近,由Merz医学博士带领的一支科研团队,在网上随机抽取了1011名成年女性(25-60岁)进行在线调查,调查时间为15分钟。为了尽可能地排除可能导致研究结果的准确性,研究成员将年龄、地域、种族、教育和收入等都考虑在内。

研究结果显示,在一生中,只有27%的女性知道她们自身患有心脏疾病,11%的女性临死前知道自己死于心脏病。另外,在年龄段为25-49岁的有23%知道自身有心脏病,年龄段为50-60岁的只有 37%。

此外,研究还发现,卫生保健员通常只关注女性的体重而不是她的心血管疾病的危险因素,男性则只关注胆固醇的含量和血压是否正常。这些都导致了女性患心脏疾病的风险增高与其对自身的风险认知严重脱节。

Merz博士说:

“一个人对心脏病的认知是非常重要的。而在美国,女性对心脏病的认知度存在有严重的问题,大部分的女性去医院看病往往不是因为去咨询心脏疾病健康问题,而是因为体重发生了改变。”
Merz博士建议,女性应定期去筛查心血管疾病的风险指数,包括动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)评分,也被称为a-risk评分。

年龄在40岁以上的女性,应该清楚自己的a-risk评分,40岁以下的女性应该知道自己的血压和胆固醇水平。另外,她还建议女性与医生咨询自身患心脏病的风险水平。根据年龄、性别、种族、血压、胆固醇水平、血压的药物使用、糖尿病状态和吸烟状况,每个人都可以获得为期10年的心血管疾病风险评分,也是终生风险评分。

目前,美国心脏协会和美国心脏病学会正在联合开发一个心血管疾病风险评估图表,这将有助于日后更快更准确地确定女性患心脏病的风险评分。

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    2016-07-24 午夜星河

    有意思借了

    0

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    2015-11-11 zhaohui6731
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