Sci Transl Med:基于免疫治疗的抗癌药物新消息

2015-04-08 佚名 生物谷

近日,纪念Sloan Kettering癌症中心和康奈尔医学院的研究人员们以一种特别的发行版本,在Science Translational Medicine杂志上发表了一篇综述。他们在此文章中描述了正在用于治疗多种不同癌症的免疫治疗药物的最新进展。这篇被作者三合一的综述聚焦于,目前研究的最新消息,临床试验信息,药物和其他关于免疫治疗的信息及有效提高激活人体自身抗病能力的研究进展。 多年

近日,纪念Sloan Kettering癌症中心和康奈尔医学院的研究人员们以一种特别的发行版本,在Science Translational Medicine杂志上发表了一篇综述。他们在此文章中描述了正在用于治疗多种不同癌症的免疫治疗药物的最新进展。这篇被作者三合一的综述聚焦于,目前研究的最新消息,临床试验信息,药物和其他关于免疫治疗的信息及有效提高激活人体自身抗病能力的研究进展。

多年来,传统的治疗癌症的方法都是围绕着药物治疗,放射疗法和手术。然而,通过激活人体自身的免疫系统 ,来抗击癌症的研究目前也正在火热地进行中。在他们的文章中,作者描述了用来对付防御机制的药物,肿瘤以此防御机制来抵抗免疫系统攻击。他们正大力集中在训练T细胞识别这些机制,从而可以自由地摧毁癌症。

作者报道说,许多研发出来的新药专注于"检验点",即人体分泌的一些分子,这些分子的作用是防止免疫系统过度反应。之前的研究表明,肿瘤可以以某种方式操纵这些检验点,从而使他们掩盖了肿瘤,阻止了T细胞对肿瘤的攻击。近日,新药被研发出来,这些药物可以消除肿瘤的这种机制,或者是将检验点分子一并抑制。例如,Ipilimumab,可以抑制一种名为CTLA-4 的检验点分子。另外两个药物,pembrolizumab 和nivolumab,作用于PD-1,一个受体,当它激活的时候,T细胞会自杀而亡。这三种药物已经被用于治疗晚期皮肤癌患者。

作者强调说,这三种药只是几百种药物中的一个小样本,这些药物均可直接介入肿瘤与检验点的相互作用。作者还指出,一系列的研究人员也在研发一类完全不同的药物,这些药物靶向于共刺激分子,这些分子可以激活T细胞,理想情况下,可以抗击对目前治疗方法抵制的癌症。

原始出处:

Bob Yirka.Researchers offer update on immunotherapy based cancer fighting drugs[N].Medical Xpress, March 27, 2015.

Alexander M. Lesokhin1,2,*, Margaret K. Callahan1,2, Michael A. Postow1,2 and Jedd D. Wolchok1,2.On being less tolerant: Enhanced cancer immunosurveillance enabled by targeting checkpoints and agonists of T cell activation[J].Sci Transl Med 25 March 2015: Vol. 7, Issue 280, p. 280sr1; DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3010274

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    2015-04-24 bsmagic9140
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    2015-04-10 sunylz
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    2015-04-09 吴颖


    0

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