IBD: 正念训练可以降低非活动性溃疡性结肠炎患者发作的频率和严重程度

2022-06-13 xuyihan MedSci原创

正念这个概念最初源于佛教禅修,是从坐禅、冥想、参悟等发展而来。有目的的、有意识的,关注、觉察当下的一切,而对当下的一切又都不作任何判断、任何分析、任何反应,只是单纯地觉察它、注意它。

溃疡性结肠炎 (UC) 是一种慢性炎症性疾病,在疾病发作期间,患者会出现致残症状(例如,血性腹泻、腹痛、尿急、大便失禁、关节炎和/或关节痛、疲劳和发烧)、生活质量受到严重影响并且可能需要住院和/或手术。因此,UC管理的一个主要目标是防止疾病发作和维持炎症的缓解。为了实现这一目标,有必要尽可能地识别和预防或修改疾病发作的触发因素。有证据表明心理压力会引发UC的复发。UC患者对于压力的过度反应会导致全身炎症级联反应。鉴于这些关联,改善压力可能是预防 UC 复发的可行方法。传统的基于西方的焦虑和抑郁治疗是基于认知的疗法 (CBT),但最近正念干预 (MI) 已将基于东方医学的正念原则纳入CBT。源自佛教哲学和传统的正念干预旨在减少痛苦并改善幸福感。研究表明,MI 可以减轻压力,并提高医疗和非医疗治疗的质量。MI 对 IBD 患者的效用尚未得到广泛探索。本研究的目的是确定参与MI是否会改善UC病程和炎症级联反应、正念、感知压力和其他不活动 UC 患者的心理健康程度。

正念干预 (MI) 采用小组形式,由每周8次会议组成,每次会议时长1.5至2小时。每周的课程涉及正式(冥想、瑜伽)和非正式(意识到个人对日常事件的反应)正念练习的指导和练习。在第 6 节和第 7 节之间提供了一个自愿的 4 小时半天静修,重点是正式冥想的练习。参与者被随机分配到这为期8周的MI组或对照组。在基线、8 周课程后以及 6 个月和 12 个月时进行生物和心理评估。

 

本项研究总共有四十三名参与者报名参加。MI的训练增加了非活动性UC患者的正念状态和正念技能,减少了感知压力和压力反应。MI干预显着降低了UC患者12个月内疾病发作的发生率(P< .05)。而 23 名对照组参与者中有 5 名(22%)有疾病复发的发作。总体而言,接受MI的 20 名参与者与没有UC发作的18名参与者之间的乙状结肠镜检查评分没有显着差异。

图:正念训练与疾病复发的关系

 

本项研究证实8周的MI训练显着减少了非活动性UC患者的UC的疾病复发并提高了生活质量,并且降低了在基线时感知到的压力水平。具体来说,MI 可以改善正念状态,从而改善应对能力并减轻压力。

原始出处:

Sharon Jedel. Et al. Mindfulness Intervention Decreases Frequency and Severity of Flares in Inactive Ulcerative Colitis Patients: Results of a Phase II, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.2022.

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    2022-11-12 nymo
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    2022-06-13 bnurmamat

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