Elife:生物被膜形成机制研究

2017-11-16 佚名 瑞金医院

11月10日,国际知名期刊eLife杂志在线发表了上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院、上海市血液学研究所、医学基因组学国家重点实验室蒙国宇团队的最新生物被膜研究论文“Structural basis of host recognition and biofilm formation by Salmonella Saf pili”。论文报道了沙门氏菌非典型菌毛Saf介导生物被膜形成的机制。

11月10日,国际知名期刊eLife杂志在线发表了上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院、上海市血液学研究所、医学基因组学国家重点实验室蒙国宇团队的最新生物被膜研究论文“Structural basis of host recognition and biofilm formation by Salmonella Saf pili”。论文报道了沙门氏菌非典型菌毛Saf介导生物被膜形成的机制。

细菌生物被膜是菌体为适应环境,粘附于物体或者人体组织表面,通过分泌大量的多糖、蛋白质和核酸等胞外基质将自身包裹在其中而形成的聚集膜样物。生物被膜与人类健康紧密相关,比如导致牙菌斑的形成以及植入式医疗器械的感染。相比较于单个的浮游细菌,生物被膜的形成会对抗生素和宿主免疫系统产生更强的抵抗,使感染慢性化和反复化,导致严重的临床问题。因此,生物被膜形成机理一直是国内外学者研究的重点领域。

蒙国宇团队长期致力于血液病和病原菌感染结构生物学研究。在生物被膜研究中,该团队在顶级期刊(The EMBO Journal, 2011)首次提出病原菌毒力蛋白Hap粘附素介导细胞间聚合,导致微小菌落及生物被膜形成的模型。

在eLife的报道中,该研究聚焦到隐藏在我们身边的“杀手”沙门氏菌,该菌是导致大规模食物中毒的罪魁祸首。研究主角Saf菌毛特异性表达于大多数临床致病的沙门氏菌表面,由一个顶端SafD亚基连接多个SafA亚基组成。研究发现,Saf菌毛具有多粘附(poly-adhesive activity)和自聚(self-associating activity)能力。为理解Saf菌毛作用机制,研究人员通过结构生物学手段,获得单个SafD以及三个连续亚基SafDAA的高分辨率蛋白结构。通过分析SafDAA蛋白晶胞结构,大胆提出Saf菌毛可以通过首尾相连“握手式”寡聚(oligomerization)来介导生物被膜形成的假说模型。研究人员利用生物物理学手段(SAXS,SEC-MALS)和细胞功能实验,多角度印证了这一模型。该研究结合之前EMBO J上的发现,证明细菌通过胞间粘附分子寡聚促进生物被膜形成是一种普遍现象。研究人员还发现链接菌毛各个亚基间的脯氨酸(Pro20)通过其特异的顺-反式转换来改变蛋白的构象,从而影响生物被膜的形成。值得一提的是,脯氨酸在其他类型菌毛亚基间链接(Linker)中高度保守。

这项基础研究工作具有潜在的应用价值。一是为沙门氏菌防治(如疫苗和抗体研制)提供精细的靶点蛋白结构视野。二是文章对生物被膜形成机理的阐述,为当今全球抗生素耐药加剧问题的解决,提供了一条抑制细菌寡聚(不以杀死细菌为目的)的崭新思路。该研究获得国家自然科学基金、上海市科委教委基金以及东方学者基金等项目以及上海同步辐射光源的支持!

原始出处:

Zeng L,et al.,Structural basis of host recognition and biofilm formation by Salmonella Saf pili.Elife. 2017 Nov 10;6. pii: e28619.

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    2018-08-06 clmlylxy
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    2018-10-07 膀胱癌
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    2017-11-17 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    学习学习.了解了解

    0

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