Analy Chem：适合发展中国家的新型廉价纸基糖尿病测试

近年来，随着II型糖尿病的流行在印度和中国农村以及贫穷限制了对卫生保健的获取的世界其他地区的迫近，科学家报告说他们开发出了一种廉价易用的尿测试方法，非常适合这类地区。描述了这种纸基装置的报告发表在了美国化学学会（ACS）的《分析化学》Analytical Chemistry杂志上，该装置也可以改造成用于诊断和监测其他疾病和环境。

Jan Lankelma及其同事指出，监测葡萄糖水平很重要。尽管糖尿病测试试纸似乎并不昂贵，在人们必须在它和食物、庇护所等生活必需品之间做出选择的地区，其成本让人们用不起。此外，目前的手持式糖尿病监测装置测量血液葡萄糖水平，这需要用针刺手指——这可能阻止病人进行这种测量。为了解决这些挑战，这组科研人员制造了一种新型葡萄糖监测仪——它检测尿（这容易获取）的葡萄糖水平，而且是用纸等廉价材料制成的。

这个装置是由3个电极、一个缓冲溶液、一片纸（或硝化纤维）以及一个塑料盘组成。把样本用一种稍加改型的医用注射器注射到纸上，溶液因为重力和毛细作用而沿着纸运动。一种称为葡萄糖氧化酶的酶已经置于这种纸上了，它与样品中的葡萄糖反应，产生了过氧化氢，后者被这些电极探测到。这个系统可以迅速制造，它廉价而且产生的结果类似于更昂贵的商品化临床仪器的结果。这组作者说，这种装置不仅可以用于临床实验室，还能进一步开发用于多种应用，诸如分析食品质量和环境监测。（生物谷Bioon.com）

doi:10.1021/ac3003648
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Paper-Based Analytical Device for Electrochemical Flow-Injection Analysis of Glucose in Urine

Jan Lankelma*†, Zhihong Nie‡§, Emanuel Carrilho‡, and George M. Whitesides‡

This article describes a new design for a paper-based electrochemical system for flow-injection analysis. Capillary wicking facilitates a gravity-driven flow of buffer solution continuously through paper and nitrocellulose, from a buffer reservoir at one end of the device to a sink at the other. A difference in height between the reservoir and the sink leads to a continuous and constant flow. The nitrocellulose lies horizontally on a working electrode, which consists of a thin platinum layer deposited on a solid support. The counter and reference electrodes are strategically positioned upstream in the buffer reservoir. A simple pipetting device was developed for reliable application of (sub)microliter volumes of sample without the need of commercial micropipets; this device did not damage the nitrocellulose membrane. Demonstration of the system for the determination of the concentration of glucose in urine resulted in a noninvasive, quantitative assay that could be used for diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes. This method does not require disposable test strips, with enzyme and electrodes, that are thrown away after each measurement. Because of its low cost, this system could be used in medical environments that are resource-limited.