Circulation:心绞痛在稳定型冠状动脉疾病患者中的发生情况及对其预后的预测意义

2021-08-17 Nebula MedSci原创

保守治疗后心绞痛在一年内消退的患者的预后与未发生过心绞痛的患者的相近,但持续或反复发生心绞痛的患者的预后较差

虽然心绞痛在稳定型冠状动脉疾病患者中很常见,但在有效的血管药物和冠状动脉血运重建广泛使用的时代,关于其发病率、自然演变和结局的数据有限。

研究人员采用来自前瞻性观察性CLARIFY注册研究的32,691位稳定型冠状动脉疾病患者的数据,绘制没有新发冠状动脉血运重建或心肌梗死的患者的每年心绞痛发生情况。并探讨了在心绞痛消退前一年医疗干预措施的使用情况。最后,还采用多变量分析了一年心绞痛状态变化对 5 年结局的影响。

稳定型冠心病患者心绞痛的演变

在基线报告了心绞痛的7212位(22.1%)患者中,39.6%的患者在一年内未再发生心绞痛(无冠脉重建),且不发心绞痛的患者占比每年递增。在基线没有报告心绞痛的患者中,每年约2.0%-4.8%的患者会发生心绞痛。

在随访5年过程中,7773位患者的心绞痛得到了控制,其中11.1%的患者是通过加强抗心绞痛治疗,4.5%的患者是通过冠脉重建,84.4%的患者未改变治疗干预措施

根据一年内心绞痛演变分层的患者预后

与基线和一年内均未发生心绞痛的患者相比,保守治疗情况下持续心绞痛和一年内发生心绞痛均与较高的5年心血管死亡率或心肌梗死发生率独立相关(持续性心绞痛:校正风险比[aHR] 1.32 [95%CI 1.12-1.55];发生心绞痛:aHR 1.37 [95%CI 1.11-1.70])。与从未发生过心绞痛的患者相比,心绞痛在保守治疗后一年内得到缓解的患者心血管死亡或心肌梗塞的风险不高(aHR 0.97 [95%CI 0.82-1.15])。

近四分之一的稳定型冠状动脉疾病患者深受心绞痛的影响,但大多数患者不需要加强治疗或冠状动脉血运重建。保守治疗后心绞痛在一年内消退的患者的预后与未发生过心绞痛的患者的相近,但持续或反复发生心绞痛的患者的预后较差。鉴于大多数心绞痛患者的症状最终会得以缓解,加上常规血运重建对心绞痛没有明显的疗效,该研究调动了对稳定型冠状动脉疾病患者进行保守治疗的价值

原始出处:

Jules Mesnier, et al. International Observational Analysis of Evolution and Outcomes of Chronic Stable Angina: The Multinational CLARIFY Study. Circulation. 2021;144:512–523

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