Immunity:miRNA调节Th17活性机制

2016-06-27 佚名 生物谷

在受到抗原呈递细胞的刺激后,天然的CD4 T细胞能够分化为不同类型的效应性T细胞。Th17能够分泌IL-17A, IL-17F以及IL-22,它对于自身免疫病以及抗感染免疫反应具有重要的调节作用。Th17细胞的分化依赖于IL-6,TGF-beta以及IL-1的刺激。这些细胞因子能够激活胞内两个孤儿受体:RORgammaT 以及RORa的活性,这两个受体对于Th17的分化也具有重要的意义。

在受到抗原呈递细胞的刺激后,天然的CD4 T细胞能够分化为不同类型的效应性T细胞。Th17能够分泌IL-17A, IL-17F以及IL-22,它对于自身免疫病以及抗感染免疫反应具有重要的调节作用。Th17细胞的分化依赖于IL-6TGF-beta以及IL-1的刺激。这些细胞因子能够激活胞内两个孤儿受体:RORgammaT 以及RORa的活性,这两个受体对于Th17的分化也具有重要的意义。

越来越多的证据表明,Th17的活性在不同的诱导条件下会产生不同的特征。例如,IL-1bIL-6以及IL-23刺激产生的Th17相比TGF-beta以及IL-6产生的Th17具有更高的活性。然而,尽管有一些这方面的研究,对于Th17不同特征之间的调控分子机制研究的还不够充分。

Th17的分化同时会受到其它转录因子的负向调节,例如FoxP3Gfi1STAT5Ets1等等。另一方面,Foxo家族的转录因子也会影响多种细胞功能的实现,它们依赖细胞内部PI3K-AKT的信号转导。在免疫系统中,FoxO家族转录因子对T细胞反应的调控作用的相关研究也刚刚起步,一些研究发现FoxO家族转录因子能够促进Treg细胞的分化,同时能够抑制Tfh细胞的分化。另外,一些研究发现FoxO能够抑制记忆T细胞分泌IL-17。不过,FoxO家族蛋白对于Th17细胞的功能有何作用至今仍不清楚。

miRNA是一类非编码RNA,它们能够在转录后水平负向调控基因的表达。之前研究发现miRNA参与了自身免疫的调节过程。例如,Dicer1的缺失会导致小鼠在发育过程中发生自身免疫疾病;另外,Dicer1也参与了Th细胞的分化过程。对于Th17细胞来讲,一些研究表明Dicer1的缺失能够降低Th17细胞分泌IL-17A的水平,另外,miR-155miR-326也能够促进Th17细胞的分化及其在EAE模型中的作用。然而,miRNA在调节Th17细胞分化中的影响至今仍没有得到很好的解释。

针对上述问题,来自清华大学免疫系的董晨教授课题组进行了深入研究,相关结果发表在最近一期的《Immunity》杂志上。

首先,为了研究miRNATh17细胞分化过程中的作用,作者构建了CD4 T细胞特异性Dicer缺失突变体小鼠。通过体外进行Th17特异性诱导,作者发现突变体小鼠CD4 T细胞相对于野生型细胞IL-17AIL-17F有明显的下调。通过RT-PCR的手段,作者发现在Dicer缺失的情况下IL-17AIL17FmRNA水平也有明显下降。之后,作者构建了IL-17F+特异性Dicer缺失突变体小鼠,并融合了黄色荧光蛋白作为筛选标记。通过EAE诱导,作者发现这类突变体小鼠相比对照组小鼠中枢神经系统中Th17的水平有明显的下降,而且突变体小鼠几乎可以免受EVE的疾病困扰。

为了鉴定在Th17分化过程中miRNA的作用,作者比较了不同类型的T细胞中miRNA的表达特征。通过RNA测序,作者发现Th17细胞中高表达miR-183C,而这一miRNA的表达依赖于IL6-STAT3的信号传递。

进一步,作者发现miR-183C的存在能够大幅提高Th17的生物活性,而人为地下调miR-183C的水平则会降低其生物学活性。

之后,作者发现miR-183C能够负向调节Th17细胞中FoxO转录因子的表达水平,这一调节作用能够导致Th17细胞生物学活性的上升。

原始出处

Kenji Ichiyama, Alicia Gonzalez-Martin, Byung-Seok Kim, Hyun Yong Jin, Wei Jin, Wei Xu, Mohsen Sabouri-Ghomi, Shunbin Xu, Pan Zheng, Changchun Xiao, Chen Dong.The MicroRNA-183-96-182 Cluster Promotes T Helper 17 Cell Pathogenicity by Negatively Regulating Transcription Factor Foxo1 Expression.Immunity.2016


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    2016-10-21 smallant2002
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    2016-09-14 ylzr123

    好文章,赞一个!深入学习,探究。

    0

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    2016-06-29 Homburg
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    2016-06-29 zhaojie88

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