更快新陈代谢让人脑更大

2016-05-13 Stephen R. Ross 《自然》

近日,发表在《自然》上的一则研究显示,多亏新陈代谢率的增加,人类演化出比其他灵长类动物更大的大脑。这项研究还表明,人类可能演化出比其他灵长类动物更高的体脂率,是为了给人们更广泛的新陈代谢提供能量储备。和其他灵长类动物相比,人类活得更久、生育更多、体脂率更高、消化系统更小,而大脑更大。这些特征都需要更多的新陈代谢,意味着人和猿之间在能量消耗和分配上有显著差异。然而,这些差异背后的机制并不明确。美国纽

近日,发表在《自然》上的一则研究显示,多亏新陈代谢率的增加,人类演化出比其他灵长类动物更大的大脑。这项研究还表明,人类可能演化出比其他灵长类动物更高的体脂率,是为了给人们更广泛的新陈代谢提供能量储备。

和其他灵长类动物相比,人类活得更久、生育更多、体脂率更高、消化系统更小,而大脑更大。这些特征都需要更多的新陈代谢,意味着人和猿之间在能量消耗和分配上有显著差异。然而,这些差异背后的机制并不明确。

美国纽约亨特学院Herman Pontzer与团队对141名人类每日能量消耗进行了直接测量,同时对所有已知物种的大型类人猿也进行了测量,并且对存档数据进行了重新分析。他们发现,人类演化出了更快的代谢速率与更高的能耗,每天总能量消耗比黑猩猩与倭黑猩猩高400千卡,比大猩猩高635千卡,比红毛猩猩高820千卡。

研究人员表示,总能量消耗高出部分中主要来自人类更高的基础代谢率,基础代谢率指的是身体在静止状态下保持身体运转的能量,以千卡每日为单位。基础代谢率更高说明内脏的代谢更活跃。最后,研究者显示人类和其他灵长类动物相比,还演化出了更高的体脂率,并认为这种与更高总能耗的协同演化是为了减轻更高能量需求的风险。                          
                                           
                                           
                                           

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (3)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86383, encodeId=b72986383cf, content=Hhhhh, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=43f41674911, createdName=三毛坨, createdTime=Wed May 18 22:54:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86384, encodeId=38b68638465, content=jkkkkk, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=43f41674911, createdName=三毛坨, createdTime=Wed May 18 22:54:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1361481, encodeId=6bdb136148146, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=243758e2795' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新陈代谢#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58727, encryptionId=243758e2795, topicName=新陈代谢)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6f63175, createdName=nian.wang1982, createdTime=Sun May 15 02:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-18 三毛坨

    Hhhhh

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86383, encodeId=b72986383cf, content=Hhhhh, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=43f41674911, createdName=三毛坨, createdTime=Wed May 18 22:54:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86384, encodeId=38b68638465, content=jkkkkk, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=43f41674911, createdName=三毛坨, createdTime=Wed May 18 22:54:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1361481, encodeId=6bdb136148146, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=243758e2795' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新陈代谢#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58727, encryptionId=243758e2795, topicName=新陈代谢)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6f63175, createdName=nian.wang1982, createdTime=Sun May 15 02:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-18 三毛坨

    jkkkkk

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86383, encodeId=b72986383cf, content=Hhhhh, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=43f41674911, createdName=三毛坨, createdTime=Wed May 18 22:54:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86384, encodeId=38b68638465, content=jkkkkk, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=43f41674911, createdName=三毛坨, createdTime=Wed May 18 22:54:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1361481, encodeId=6bdb136148146, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=243758e2795' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新陈代谢#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58727, encryptionId=243758e2795, topicName=新陈代谢)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6f63175, createdName=nian.wang1982, createdTime=Sun May 15 02:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]