Biology of Sex Differences:如何根据月经期激素水平变化成功戒烟?

2016-06-04 QQduhq 译 MedSci原创

众所周知,尼古丁易使人上瘾,同时对人体健康有不利影响。CDC指出,每年美国有48万人的死亡是由于吸烟引起,占所有死亡人数的1/5。在美国,民众对尼古丁的成瘾度超过其他药物。虽然大家都知道吸烟的危害,但是戒烟并不是一件容易的事情。因此,研究人员指出,让民众戒掉吸烟的坏习惯十分重要。既往研究表明,女性比男性更难戒烟成功,由于吸烟,女性患冠心病和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的风险比男性高25%。最近的一

众所周知,尼古丁易使人上瘾,同时对人体健康有不利影响。CDC指出,每年美国有48万人的死亡是由于吸烟引起,占所有死亡人数的1/5。在美国,民众对尼古丁的成瘾度超过其他药物。虽然大家都知道吸烟的危害,但是戒烟并不是一件容易的事情。因此,研究人员指出,让民众戒掉吸烟的坏习惯十分重要。


既往研究表明,女性比男性更难戒烟成功,由于吸烟,女性患冠心病和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的风险比男性高25%。最近的一项发表在Biology of Sex Differences的研究让吸烟女性重新鼓起了戒烟的勇气。 

宾夕法尼亚大学佩雷尔曼医学院的研究人员指出,女性在月经期戒烟较容易。研究人员通过进行大量的动物研究后发现,女性分泌的雌激素和孕激素能调节成瘾行为,而且这些激素在整个月经周期波动可使女性戒烟更容易。 

了解月经周期对女性神经传导、认知和行为是非常重要的,有助于针对女性研制出适合她们的、有效的、个性化的治疗方案,帮助她们更好地戒烟。 

既往研究表明,排卵前(卵泡期)女性机体内雌激素水平最低,此时易出现成瘾行为;相反,在月经前时期(黄体期)机体雌激素水平最高,成瘾行为易受到抑制。这些结果推断出更高的孕激素水平可能有助于女性戒烟。 

共有38名年龄范围为21-51岁的健康女性参与研究。每个参与者接受MRI检查以评估她们大脑内影响机体控制行为和反馈的各区域之间的关联。研究人员假设激素水平的改变可能会影响女性的戒烟效果。研究人员认为可通过这些信号更好地帮助女性戒烟。 

早些时候有研究人员发现,相比黄体期而言,女性在月经周期的卵泡期时大脑中负责吸烟行为及反馈的区域反应增强。反应越弱则戒烟越困难。 

这促使研究人员深入探究控制机体大脑,控制行为和反馈的各区域之间的联系。在这项研究中,研究人员依据参与者在黄体期或卵泡期戒烟将她们分成两组。研究人员发现,在黄体期,参与人员大脑中调节戒烟的控制行为和反馈行为的大脑区域关联减弱,这表明此时女性戒烟易失败。

这些数据和现有的动物研究表明研究人员有可能通过调节女性的雌激素和孕激素水平控制她们的成瘾行为并加以保护。同时有助于了解男性和女性民众戒烟和复发等行为。

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    2017-04-30 sunylz
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    2017-02-14 isabellayj
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  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1784320, encodeId=5c161e8432047, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5bbd59539a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Difference#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5953, encryptionId=5bbd59539a, topicName=Difference)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5319428, createdName=jjjiang0199, createdTime=Fri Feb 03 15:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1998300, encodeId=db5419983008b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=499c6683554' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#激素水平#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=66835, encryptionId=499c6683554, topicName=激素水平)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f14236, createdName=经常头晕, createdTime=Thu Aug 04 17:42:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1917276, encodeId=dbdd191e2766a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f26341994' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Bio#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3419, encryptionId=4f26341994, topicName=Bio)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 12:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1767008, encodeId=ea961e670082a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=64f5343e2f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Biol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=28, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3437, encryptionId=64f5343e2f, topicName=Biol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=446937890434, createdName=12498ebem31暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Jan 18 17:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1784202, encodeId=23741e84202f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f01159527d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Differ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5952, encryptionId=f01159527d, topicName=Differ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d784426, createdName=isabellayj, createdTime=Tue Feb 14 04:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-02-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1688353, encodeId=e9211688353f1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=c62a605667f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#月经期#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=60566, encryptionId=c62a605667f, topicName=月经期)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=245b28554066, createdName=ms7517674339485982, createdTime=Sun Jan 01 16:42:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1376779, encodeId=d5e413e6779b0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f8216055671' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#月经#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=60556, encryptionId=f8216055671, topicName=月经)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e093393, createdName=luwei00, createdTime=Mon Jun 06 10:42:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-06-06 luwei00

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