第十七届中国介入心脏病学大会(CIT2019)|陈韵岱:心肌微循环灌注的评价方法

2019-03-31 Gill MedSci原创

第十七届中国介入心脏病学大会(CIT2019)目前正在北京国家会议中心火热进行中,本次大会云集国内外心脏介入治疗专家泰斗,其中来自解放军总医院心内科的陈韵岱主任,对心肌微循环灌注的评价方法进行了专题讲座。冠状动脉分类微循环是指直径小于150um的微动脉和微静脉之间的血液循环,微动脉管壁含有平滑肌细胞,在交感、副交感神经和体液因子参与和调节下产生舒张和收缩活动,可引起相应的血管腔直径改变。冠状动脉微


第十七届中国介入心脏病学大会(CIT2019)目前正在北京国家会议中心火热进行中,本次大会云集国内外心脏介入治疗专家泰斗,其中来自解放军总医院心内科的陈韵岱主任,对心肌微循环灌注的评价方法进行了专题讲座。

冠状动脉分类

微循环是指直径小于150um的微动脉和微静脉之间的血液循环,微动脉管壁含有平滑肌细胞,在交感、副交感神经和体液因子参与和调节下产生舒张和收缩活动,可引起相应的血管腔直径改变。

冠状动脉微血管病变的分类和临床表现根据有无冠脉疾病和心肌病而不同:



冠脉微血管功能评价的方法主要包括:

各种冠脉微循环检测方法具有各自的优缺点,应根据不同的阶段和需求选择合适的方法。

经胸多普勒超声(TTDE)是无创有效的一种检测方法。

PET则需要借助于放射性同位素,可对整个心脏及局部心肌的微血管状态进行评价。但其存在耗时、花费高、重复差以及放射性损伤等缺点。

心血管磁共振是比较可靠的评价心肌灌注缺损的方法,并且与PET具有良好的相关性,但目前全国范围内CMR开展较少。


冠脉血流储备(CFVR)指冠状动脉在需求增加时能增加血流的能力,若降低则提示心肌缺血或冠状动脉微循环损害。

冠脉微血管疾病(CMVD)诊断流程:

评价冠脉微血管功能的有创性技术

冠脉血流储备包括血流储备分数(FFR)、冠脉血流储备(CFR)、微循环阻力指数(IMR)。

导管室内具备各种冠脉功能检查的方法,首先应对冠脉临床表型进行分类,结合内皮功能障碍、中度狭窄和弥漫性病变再就选择检测手段。


各类冠脉功能评估指标具有各自的定义和优缺点。

多普勒超声法测量CFR:

温度稀释法测量CFR:

各研究使用不同的CFR界值预测CMD患者预后,总体上看,当CFR>2.0时,预后较良好。

微血管阻力指数(IMR)定义为冠状动脉充血状态下狭窄病变远端的压力Pd除以1/T,即压力与流量的比值。

IMR是目前冠脉微血管功能障碍的最佳指标,重复性好,不受血流动力学影响。目前,尚无公认IMR正常值或者诊断切点。综合文献,目前不同研究使用切点总结如下表:

不同人群的IMR值具有差异:

目前已经进入冠脉微循环时代,但目前仍存在诸多疑问和局限,有待进一步突破和解释。

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    2019-09-09 qblt
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    2019-04-02 huagfeg