GCS 2014:Ramucirumab联合治疗可改善转移性胃癌总生存

2014-01-22 PCMC dxy

一项全球性3期研究显示,单克隆抗体药物 ramucirumab 可改善一线治疗后进展的转移性胃癌患者的总生存。ramucirumab与紫杉醇联合治疗组的中位总生存期为9.6个月,与之相比,紫杉醇单药治疗组患者为7.4个月,添加 ramucirumab 后患者风险减少19%。 研究者在2014年度的胃肠癌研讨会上报告,该项全球性 III期 RAINBOW 试验招募了转移性胃癌患者入组,他们

一项全球性3期研究显示,单克隆抗体药物 ramucirumab 可改善一线治疗后进展的转移性胃癌患者的总生存。ramucirumab与紫杉醇联合治疗组的中位总生存期为9.6个月,与之相比,紫杉醇单药治疗组患者为7.4个月,添加 ramucirumab 后患者风险减少19%。

研究者在2014年度的胃肠癌研讨会上报告,该项全球性 III期 RAINBOW 试验招募了转移性胃癌患者入组,他们发现当在研单克隆抗体药物 ramucirumab 用于二线治疗时可改善患者的无进展生存和总生存。 ramucirumab 与紫杉醇联合治疗组的中位总生存期为9.6个月,与之相比,紫杉醇单药治疗组患者为7.4个月,

德国埃森市Kliniken Essen-Mitte 研究院的 Hansjochen Wilke博士表示,本试验达到了主要终点—改善总生存期。对于这一以预后差为特征的患者人群,总生存期延长2.3个月是一个了不起的结果。差异无统计学意义但有临床意义。

Ramucirumab是一种人类 IgG1 单克隆抗体,它阻滞血管内皮生长因子受体2 (VEGFR-2),进而抑制血管生成。Wilke 医生强调,一线治疗后出现疾病进展的患者往往预后不良,他们的中位生存期仅有大约3个月。仅有大约三分之一的美国患者接受二线治疗。RAINBOW研究是迄今为止针对上述患者人群的最大规模的二线治疗研究。

RAINBOW试验细节

该研究纳入665例经以铂类和氟尿嘧啶为基础的标准联合化疗4个月后出现疾病进展的转移性胃食管结合部或胃腺癌患者。患者经随机分组分别接受紫杉醇单药治疗 (80 mg/m2 第1, 8, 15天给药) 或与ramucirumab(8mg/kg IV每二周)联合治疗,约每4周为一周期。主要终点为总生存。

研究者发现,联合治疗组和紫杉醇单药治疗组的中位总生存期分别为9.6个月和7.4个月,当添加ramucirumab治疗后患者风险减少19%。研究发现,两组中位无进展生存期分别为4.4个月和2.9个月,风险减少27%。联合治疗组和紫杉醇单药治疗组的客观缓解率分别为 28% vs 16% 。

Wilke医生称,与紫杉醇单药治疗相比,添加ramucirumab后联合治疗组患者第6个月的无进展生存率几乎增加了一倍。在第6个月时,两组无进展生存率分别为 36% vs 17%,第9个月时分别为 22% vs 10%。此外,添加 ramucirumab化疗后的疾病控制率也更好,两组分别为 80% vs 64%。

副作用易于管理

ramucirumab/紫杉醇联合治疗组不小于3级的不良反应事件某种程度更多一些,包括 嗜中性白血球减少症(40.7% vs 18.8%),  白血球减少症 (17.4% vs 6.7%), 高血压 (14.1% vs 2.4%), 贫血 (9.2% vs 10.3%),疲劳(7.0% vs 4.0%),腹疼(5.5% vs 3.3%),以及乏力(5.5% vs 3.3%)。

ramucirumab/紫杉醇联合治疗组的嗜中性白血球减少症发生率更高,而发热性中性粒细胞减少症的发生率则两组差别不大 [3.1% vs 2.4%]。发热性中性粒细胞减少症不是一个大问题,联合治疗方案安全且易于管理。

Wilke 医生总结道:“RAINBOW试验清晰地证实,对于经基于铂和氟尿嘧啶的一线标准联合化疗失败后的转移性或局部晚期胃癌患者人群,ramuricumab是一款有效的新药。该试验同样显示 ramuricumab 用于二线治疗可改善生存。我相信将来会有更多的患者接受常规二线治疗。”

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