Cancer Cell:多梳蛋白4与肝癌生存期密切相关

2014-02-11 胡德荣 健康报

上海交通大学医学院细胞分化和凋亡教育部重点实验室陈国强教授领衔的课题组科研人员历时6年,在多梳蛋白4(Cbx4)干预肝癌组织新生血管生成研究方面取得突破,相关研究论文日前发表在国际学术刊物《癌细胞》杂志上。专家认为,Cbx4与肝癌病人的生存期密切相关,有望成为临床上判断肝癌预后的指标;同时发现Cbx4通过泛素蛋白修饰调控肝癌的新生血管生成,为肝癌治疗提供新启示。【原文下载】 肝癌的发病率和致死率

上海交通大学医学院细胞分化和凋亡教育部重点实验室陈国强教授领衔的课题组科研人员历时6年,在多梳蛋白4(Cbx4)干预肝癌组织新生血管生成研究方面取得突破,相关研究论文日前发表在国际学术刊物《癌细胞》杂志上。专家认为,Cbx4与肝癌病人生存期密切相关,有望成为临床上判断肝癌预后的指标;同时发现Cbx4通过泛素蛋白修饰调控肝癌的新生血管生成,为肝癌治疗提供新启示。【原文下载】

肝癌的发病率和致死率分别位列世界恶性肿瘤的第五和第三位,在我国更是位居第二位的肿瘤死亡原因,其预后差,容易发生复发及转移,是影响我国人民健康的重大疾病。通过几十年来的深入研究,人们对肝癌发生的分子机理有了一定认识,其中,高密度的新生血管生成被认为在肝癌的发生、发展和转移过程中发挥了重要作用。因此,抑制肿瘤血管生成日趋成为肝癌治疗的新策略,但既往研究中缺少特异性抑制新生血管生成的靶点蛋白。


陈国强教授领导的科研团队通过检测727例肝癌病人的癌组织样本中Cbx4的表达,发现高表达Cbx4的肝癌病人手术后五年生存期明显低于低表达Cbx4的肝癌病人,由此课题组提出Cbx4是独立判断肝癌病人预后的重要指标。在此基础上,他们进一步发现Cbx4的表达水平与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达及新生血管密度呈高度正相关,即在多种皮下与原位肝癌实验小鼠模型中,Cbx4高表达促进VEGF的产生、新生血管生成和肿瘤的生长与转移;反之,抑制Cbx4表达则明显抑制甚至阻止肝癌细胞在小鼠体内的生长,该发现揭示了Cbx4在肝癌发生发展中的重要作用。

课题组同时发现,在正常氧浓度下,Cbx4并不调控VEGF的表达。由于低氧是实体瘤细胞生长的一个重要微环境,科研人员开始研究Cbx4在低氧条件下的潜在效应,发现Cbx4的表达明显增加低氧诱导的VEGF表达,并增加血管内皮细胞形成血管的能力,而当细胞适应低氧环境的重要调控蛋白——低氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)的两个组成蛋白(HIF-1a和HIF-1b)表达缺失时,Cbx4对 VEGF产生和血管生成的调控效应完全丧失。 Cbx4是多梳抑制复合体1的一个重要成员,过去的研究表明,该复合物主要通过结合甲基化组蛋白,在表观遗传学水平抑制基因的表达。然而,丧失表观遗传功能的Cbx4突变体依然呈现对VEGF表达的调控效应。在此基础上,课题组发现Cbx4作为一个SUMO化修饰的E3连接酶,通过它的第一个类泛素结合结构域(SIM1)相互作用,随后通过第二个类泛素结合结构域(SIM2)发挥SUMO化修饰效应,导致HIF-1a的两个赖氨酸发生SUMO化修饰。科研人员将这种SUMO化修饰形象地称为如同Cbx4给HIF-1a穿上了“铁盔甲”,使得其结合DNA的能力和转录活性显著增强,上调了VEGF的表达,进而促进新生血管的生成和肿瘤转移。科研人员还进一步发现Cbx4 还调控了低氧反应下其他的靶基因,如红细胞生成素(EPO)、丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶-1(PDK1)等。

该项研究发现了Cbx4与肝癌病人的生存期密切相关,有望成为临床上判断肝癌预后的指标;同时发现Cbx4通过其SUMO化连接酶的活性调控肝癌的新生血管生成,提示发展靶向Cbx4的SUMO E3连接酶活性的药物可能为肝癌的治疗提供新的策略;此外还发现Cbx4调控了低氧反应中许多靶基因的表达,提示其可能也在与低氧反应相关的其它疾病如动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病中发挥作用,为这些疾病的基础及临床研究提供了方向。

该项工作全部由交大医学院科研人员在国内独立完成,在责任作者陈国强的精心指导下,由他的博士研究生李杰和中国科学院上海生命科学研究院-上海交通大学医学院健康科学研究所徐颖副研究员等历时6年完成。同时,在临床样本的收集中得到广西右江民族医学院和上海交大医学院附属仁济医院的龙喜带和夏强教授的大力支持。陈国强课题组长期致力于HIF-1的表达调控和靶基因识别,此次研究成果是在低氧和HIF-1通过其非转录机制有效诱导白血病细胞分化等方面取得系列创新性和系统性发现后的又一重要进展。该项工作也得到国家自然科学基金重点项目和国家科技部重大科学计划的支持。

原始出处:
Li J1, Xu Y2, Long XD3, Wang W1, Jiao HK2, Mei Z1, Yin QQ2, Ma LN1, Zhou AW1, Wang LS1, Yao M4, Xia Q4, Chen GQ5.Cbx4 Governs HIF-1α to Potentiate Angiogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Its SUMO E3 Ligase Activity.Cancer Cell. 2014 Jan 13;25(1):118-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.12.008.【原文下载】

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    2014-10-02 维他命
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