JAMA Intern Med:预防跌倒高风险老年人跌倒:治疗性太极拳干预vs多模式运动干预

2018-11-03 吴星 环球医学

2018年10月,美国和中国学者在《JAMA Intern Med》发表了一项随机临床试验,考察了治疗性太极拳干预vs多模式运动干预预防跌倒高风险老年人跌倒的有效性。

2018年10月,美国和中国学者在《JAMA Intern Med》发表了一项随机临床试验,考察了治疗性太极拳干预vs多模式运动干预预防跌倒高风险老年人跌倒的有效性。

重要性:老年人跌倒是一个与不可逆的健康后果相关的严重公共卫生问题,且对医疗系统造成大幅经济负担。然而,由于现有的有效性比较数据几乎没有,从循证跌倒预防干预措施中鉴别出最佳的选择仍是一种挑战。

目的:确定治疗性个体化太极拳干预措施——太极拳:Moving for Better Balance(TJQMBB,基于太极的经典理念开发)和多模式运动(MME)项目相对于伸展运动在降低跌倒高风险老年人跌倒上的有效性。

设计、地点和参与者:在俄勒冈的7个城市和城郊城市进行的一项单盲、3组、平行设计、随机临床试验(2015年2月20日~2018年1月30日)。筛查1147名社区居住的70岁或以上的老人的入组标准,前一年跌倒或移动性减弱的670名老人知情同意并被纳入到研究中。所有分析都使用意向治疗分配。

干预:3个运动干预措施之一:每周2次60分钟/次的TJQMBB,为期24周,包括改良的形式和治疗运动练习;MME,整合了平衡、有氧运动、力量和灵活性活动;或伸展运动。

主要结局和测量指标:6个月时的首要测量指标为跌倒发生率。

结果:随机分组的670名参与者中,平均(SD)年龄77.7(5.6)岁,女性436人(65%),617人为白人(92.1%),31人为非裔美国人(4.6%)。试验期间,TJQMBB组发生152例跌倒(85人),MME组发生218例(112人),伸展运动组发生363例(127人)。6个月时,与伸展运动组相比,TJQMBB组(IRR,0.42;95% CI,0.31~0.56;P<0.001)和MME组(IRR,0.60;95% CI,0.45~0.80;P=0.001)的发病率比(IRR)显着更低。与MME组相比,TJQMBB组跌倒减少31%(IRR,0.69;95% CI,0.52~0.94;P=0.01)。

结论和意义:社区居住的跌倒高风险老年人中,在降低跌倒发生率上,治疗性个体化太极拳平衡训练干预比传统的运动方法更有效。

试验注册:ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02287740.

原始出处:

Li F, Harmer P, Fitzgerald K, et al. Effectiveness of a Therapeutic Tai Ji Quan Intervention vs a Multimodal Exercise Intervention to Prevent Falls Among Older Adults at High Risk of Falling: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Oct 1;178(10):1301-1310. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.3915.

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    2019-04-21 steven_u9
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